Wikipedia

1913

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
  • 1910
  • 1911
  • 1912
  • 1913
  • 1914
  • 1915
  • 1916
1913 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1913
MCMXIII
Ab urbe condita2666
Armenian calendar1362
ԹՎ ՌՅԿԲ
Assyrian calendar6663
Bahá'í calendar69–70
Balinese saka calendar1834–1835
Bengali calendar1320
Berber calendar2863
British Regnal yearGeo. 5 – 4 Geo. 5
Buddhist calendar2457
Burmese calendar1275
Byzantine calendar7421–7422
Chinese calendar壬子年 (Water Rat)
4609 or 4549
— to —
癸丑年 (Water Ox)
4610 or 4550
Coptic calendar1629–1630
Discordian calendar3079
Ethiopian calendar1905–1906
Hebrew calendar5673–5674
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1969–1970
 - Shaka Samvat1834–1835
 - Kali Yuga5013–5014
Holocene calendar11913
Igbo calendar913–914
Iranian calendar1291–1292
Islamic calendar1331–1332
Japanese calendarTaishō 2
(大正2年)
Javanese calendar1842–1843
Juche calendar2
Julian calendarGregorian minus 13 days
Korean calendar4246
Minguo calendarROC 2
民國2年
Nanakshahi calendar445
Thai solar calendar2455–2456
Tibetan calendar阳水鼠年
(male Water-Rat)
2039 or 1658 or 886
— to —
阴水牛年
(female Water-Ox)
2040 or 1659 or 887

1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1913th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 913th year of the 2nd millennium, the 13th year of the 20th century, and the 4th year of the 1910s decade. As of the start of 1913, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Events

January

Ismail Enver

February

February 1: New York's Grand Central Terminal as rebuilt.

March

March 4: Wilson sworn in as the 28th president of the United States.
March 12: Australia begins building the new capital of Canberra.

April

May

May 29: The Rite of Spring is premiered in Paris.

June

July

  • July 10
    • Romania declares war on Bulgaria.
    • Death Valley, California hits 134 °F (~56.7 °C), the all-time highest temperature recorded on Earth (although its validity has been challenged, and in 2020 a temperature of 54.4 °C (129.9 °F) was recorded at the same location, which would make it the world's highest verified air temperature, subject to confirmation).[15]
  • July 27 – The town of San Javier, Uruguay is founded[16] by Russian settlers.
  • July 29 Agreement reached at the Anglo-Ottoman Convention which defined the limits of Ottoman jurisdiction in the area of the Persian Gulf with respect to Kuwait, Qatar and Bahrain.

August

September

The Balkan boundaries after 1913

October

Nearly-completed Ford Model Ts at the Highland Park Plant
Monument to the Battle of the Nations at Leipzig

November

  • November 5 – King Otto of Bavaria is deposed by his cousin, Prince Regent Ludwig, who assumes the title Ludwig III.
  • November 6 – Mohandas Gandhi is arrested, while leading a march of Indian miners in South Africa.
  • November 711 – The Great Lakes Storm of 1913 claims 19 ships, and more than 250 lives.

December

Date unknown

Births

January–February

Richard Nixon
Rosa Parks

March–April

Paul Erdős
Muddy Waters

May–June

July

August

Menachem Begin

September–October

Paul "Bear" Bryant
Jesse Owens

November

Lon Nol

December

Mary Martin
Willy Brandt

Date unknown

Deaths

January

February

Yohan Kazimir Ernrot

March

April

May

Tancrède Auguste

June

Nicolas de Pierola
Manuel Ferraz de Campos Sales

July

Climaco Calderon

August

September

Rudolf Diesel

October

Katsura Tarō

November

Sava Grujić

December

Léon Letort
Emperor Menelik II
Patriarch Anthimus VII of Constantinople

Nobel Prizes

Nobel medal.png

References

  1. ^ "The National Question and Social Democracy", signed "K. Stalin" in the Russian-language Paris newspaper Sozial Demokrat,
  2. ^ Brackman, Roman (2003). The Secret File of Joseph Stalin: A Hidden Life. Taylor & Francis. pp. 82–83.
  3. ^ Walker, Andy (April 17, 2013). "1913: When Hitler, Trotsky, Tito, Freud and Stalin all lived in the same place". BBC News. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
  4. ^ a b Cottrell, Peter (2009). The War for Ireland, 1913-1923. Oxford: Osprey. p. 14. ISBN 978-1-84603-9966.
  5. ^ a b c d Cisneros, Stefany (November 11, 2018). "Francisco I. Madero, ¿quién fue y cuál es su biografía?" [Francisco I. Madero, Who was he, and what is his biography?] (in Spanish). Mexico Desconocido. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  6. ^ Service, Robert (2005). Stalin: A Biography. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. pp. 90–91.
  7. ^ "Over 200 Lost in Storm". The New York Times. March 8, 1913.
  8. ^ "British Steamer Lost". The Sydney Morning Herald. March 10, 1913. p. 9. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
  9. ^ "Ship Blows Up" (PDF). The New York Times. March 8, 1913. Retrieved October 19, 2012.
  10. ^ "Study for Woolworth Building, New York". World Digital Library. December 10, 1910. Retrieved July 25, 2013.
  11. ^ Kershaw, Ian (2010). Hitler: A Biography. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 45.
  12. ^ Radio Lab, Show 202: "Musical Language" Archived September 1, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, New York: WNYC (21 April 2006). Host/Producer: Jad Abumrad, Co-Host: Robert Krulwich, Producer: Ellen Horne, Production Executives: Dean Capello and Mikel Ellcessor.
  13. ^ Illies.
  14. ^ "BBC Radio 4 - Woman's Hour - Women's History Timeline: 1910 - 1919". Archived from the original on January 6, 2008. Retrieved November 30, 2007.
  15. ^ Readfearn, Graham (August 17, 2020). "Death Valley temperature rises to 54.4C – possibly the hottest ever reliably recorded". The Guardian. London.
  16. ^ "Statistics of urban localities (1908–2004)". INE. 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 23, 2015. Retrieved September 5, 2012.
  17. ^ a b Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. p. 94. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
  18. ^ "Airman Uses Parachute", New York Times, August 20, 1913.
  19. ^ a b Yeates, Padraig (2009). "The Dublin 1913 Lockout". History Ireland. 9 (2). Retrieved October 19, 2012.
  20. ^ Crowhurst, Richard (2005). "A History of Firsts: Portsmouth Historic Dockyard". TimeTravel-Britain.com. Retrieved September 9, 2010.
  21. ^ "Rosa Parks | Biography & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved June 26, 2020.
  22. ^
  23. ^ Bernard S. Schlessinger; June H. Schlessinger (1996). The Who's who of Nobel Prize Winners, 1901-1995. Oryx Press. p. 223. ISBN 978-0-89774-899-5.
  24. ^ John E. Jessup (1998). An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945-1996. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 446. ISBN 978-0-313-28112-9.
  25. ^ Roger Sperry; Colwyn B. Trevarthern (January 26, 1990). Brain Circuits and Functions of the Mind: Essays in Honor of Roger Wolcott Sperry, Author. Cambridge University Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-521-37874-1.

Further reading

  • Charles Emmerson. 1913: In Search of the World Before the Great War (2013) excerpt and text search; covers 20 major world cities
  • Gilbert, Martin. A History of the Twentieth Century: Volume 1 1900-1933 (1997); global coverage of politics, diplomacy and warfare; pp 269–96.
  • Florian Illies (2013). 1913: The Year Before the Storm. Melville House. ISBN 978-1-61219-352-6.
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