Wikipedia

2011

Also found in: Financial, Encyclopedia.
Millennium: 3rd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
  • 2008
  • 2009
  • 2010
  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
2011 by topic:
Arts
Animation (Anime)–Architecture – Comics – Film – Home video – Literature (Poetry) – Music (Classical, Country, Hip hop, Jazz, Latin, Metal, Rock, UK, US) – Radio – Photo – Television (UK, US) – Video games
Politics and government
Elections – International leaders – Sovereign states
Sovereign state leaders – Territorial governors
Science and technology
Archaeology – Biotechnology – Computing – Palaeontology – Quantum computing and communication – Space/Astronomy – Spaceflight
Environment
Birding/Ornithology
Climate change
Transportation
Aviation – Rail transport
Sports
American football – Association football – Athletics (sport) – Badminton – Baseball – Basketball – Chess – Combat sports – Cricket – Cycling – Golf – Ice hockey – Rugby union – Swimming – Tennis – Volleyball
By place
Afghanistan – Albania – Algeria – Andorra – Angola – Antarctica – Argentina – Armenia – Australia – Austria – Azerbaijan – Bangladesh – The Bahamas – Bahrain – Barbados – Belarus – Belgium – Benin – Bhutan – Bolivia – Bosnia and Herzegovina – Botswana – Brazil – Bulgaria – Burkina Faso – Burundi – Cambodia – Cameroon – Canada – Cape Verde – Central African Republic – Chad – Chile – China – Colombia – Costa Rica – Comoros – Croatia – Cuba – Cyprus – Czechia – Denmark – Ecuador – Egypt – El Salvador – Eritrea – Estonia – Ethiopia – European Union – Eswatini – Fiji – Finland – France – Gabon – Georgia – Germany – Ghana – Greece – Guatemala – Guinea – Guinea-Bissau – Guyana – Haiti – Honduras – Hong Kong – Hungary – Iceland – India – Indonesia – Iran – Iraq – Ireland – Israel – Italy – Ivory Coast – Japan – Jordan – Kazakhstan – Kenya – Kiribati – Kosovo – Kuwait – Kyrgyzstan – Laos – Latvia – Lebanon – Lesotho – Liberia – Libya – Lithuania – Luxembourg – Macau – Madagascar – Marshall Islands – Malawi – Malaysia – Mali – Malta – Mauritania – Mexico – Micronesia – Moldova – Mongolia – Montenegro – Morocco – Mozambique – Myanmar – Nauru – Namibia – Nepal – Netherlands – New Zealand – Nicaragua – Niger – Nigeria – North Korea – North Macedonia – Norway – Oman – Pakistan – Palau – Palestine – Panama – Papua New Guinea – Paraguay – Peru – Philippines – Poland – Portugal – Qatar – Romania – Russia – Rwanda – Samoa – Saudi Arabia – Senegal – Serbia – Seychelles – Singapore – Slovakia – Slovenia – Somalia – South Africa – Solomon Islands – South Korea – South Sudan – Spain – Sri Lanka – Sudan – Sweden – Switzerland – Syria – Taiwan – Tajikistan – Tanzania – Thailand – Togo – Tonga – Tunisia – Turkey – Turkmenistan – Tuvalu – Uganda – Ukraine – United Arab Emirates – United Kingdom – United States – Uruguay – Uzbekistan – Vanuatu – Venezuela – Vietnam – Yemen – Zambia – Zimbabwe
Other topics
Religious leaders
Birth and death categories
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Works and introductions categories
2011 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar2011
MMXI
Ab urbe condita2764
Armenian calendar1460
ԹՎ ՌՆԿ
Assyrian calendar6761
Bahá'í calendar167–168
Balinese saka calendar1932–1933
Bengali calendar1418
Berber calendar2961
British Regnal year59 Eliz. 2 – 60 Eliz. 2
Buddhist calendar2555
Burmese calendar1373
Byzantine calendar7519–7520
Chinese calendar庚寅年 (Metal Tiger)
4707 or 4647
— to —
辛卯年 (Metal Rabbit)
4708 or 4648
Coptic calendar1727–1728
Discordian calendar3177
Ethiopian calendar2003–2004
Hebrew calendar5771–5772
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat2067–2068
 - Shaka Samvat1932–1933
 - Kali Yuga5111–5112
Holocene calendar12011
Igbo calendar1011–1012
Iranian calendar1389–1390
Islamic calendar1432–1433
Japanese calendarHeisei 23
(平成23年)
Javanese calendar1943–1945
Juche calendar100
Julian calendarGregorian minus 13 days
Korean calendar4344
Minguo calendarROC 100
民國100年
Nanakshahi calendar543
Thai solar calendar2554
Tibetan calendar阳金虎年
(male Iron-Tiger)
2137 or 1756 or 984
— to —
阴金兔年
(female Iron-Rabbit)
2138 or 1757 or 985
Unix time1293840000 – 1325375999

2011 (MMXI) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, the 2011th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 11th year of the 3rd millennium, the 11th year of the 21st century, and the 2nd year of the 2010s decade.

A series of protests and government overthrows, known as the Arab Spring, swept through the Middle East in 2011.

2011 was designated as:

In 2011, the nation of Samoa only had 364 days as it moved across the International Date Line skipping 30 December 2011; it is now 24 hours (25 hours in southern hemisphere summer) ahead of American Samoa.[2][3]

Events

January

  • January 1
    • Estonia officially adopts the Euro currency and becomes the 17th Eurozone country.[4]
    • A bomb explodes as Coptic Christians in Alexandria, Egypt leave a new year service, killing 23 people.
    • Flight 348 with 134 occupants, operated by Kolavia, catches fire while taxiing out for take-off. 3 people are killed and 43 were injured, four critically, from smoke inhalation or burns.
  • January 4 – Tunisian street vendor Mohamed Bouazizi dies after setting himself on fire a month earlier, sparking anti-government protests in Tunisia and later other Arab nations. These protests become known collectively as the Arab Spring.[5][6]
  • January 9 – Iran Air Flight 277 crashes near Orumiyeh in the northeast of the country, killing 78 people.
  • January 915 – Southern Sudan holds a referendum on independence. The Sudanese electorate votes in favour of independence, paving the way for the creation of the new state in July.[7][8]
  • January 14 – The Tunisian government falls after a month of increasingly violent protests; President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali flees to Saudi Arabia after 23 years in power.[9][10]
  • January 24 – 37 people are killed and more than 180 others wounded in a bombing at Domodedovo International Airport in Moscow, Russia.[11][12][13]

February

  • February 11Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak resigns after widespread protests calling for his departure, leaving control of Egypt in the hands of the military until a general election can be held.[14]
  • February 15 – The First Libyan Civil War starts.
  • February 22March 14 – Uncertainty over Libyan oil output causes crude oil prices to rise 20% over a two-week period following the Arab Spring,[15] causing the 2011 energy crisis.
  • February 22 – A 6.3 magnitude earthquake strikes Christchurch, New Zealand. Over 180 people were killed, many within the CTV Building, including many foreign citizens. Many foreign search and rescue workers responded to the event.

March

  • March 6 – Civil uprising phase of the Syrian Civil War is triggered when 15 youths in Daraa are arrested for scrawling graffiti on their school wall denouncing the regime of President Bashar al-Assad.
  • March 11 – A 9.0-magnitude earthquake and subsequent tsunami hit the east of Japan, killing 15,840 and leaving another 3,926 missing. Tsunami warnings are issued in 50 countries and territories. Emergencies are declared at four nuclear power plants affected by the quake.[16]
  • March 15
    • Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of Bahrain, declares a three-month state of emergency as troops from the Gulf Co-operation Council are sent to quell the civil unrest.[17][18]
    • Protests breakout across Syria demanding democratic reforms, resignation of President Bashar al-Assad, and release of those imprisoned for the March 6 Daraa protest.[19] The government responds by killing hundreds of protesters and laying siege to various cities, beginning the Syrian Civil War.[20]
  • March 17 – The United Nations Security Council votes 10–0 to create a no-fly zone over Libya in response to allegations of government aggression against civilians.[21]
  • March 19 – In light of continuing attacks on Libyan rebels by forces in support of leader Muammar Gaddafi,[22] military intervention authorized under UNSCR 1973 begins as French fighter jets make reconnaissance flights over Libya.[23]

April

  • April 2India wins the 2011 Cricket World Cup.
  • April 7 – The Israel Defense Forces use their Iron Dome missile system to successfully intercept a BM-21 Grad launched from Gaza, marking the first short-range missile intercept ever.[24]
  • April 11 – Former Ivorian President Laurent Gbagbo is arrested in his home in Abidjan by supporters of elected President Alassane Ouattara, with support from French forces; this effectively ends the 2010–11 Ivorian crisis and civil war.[25]
  • April 15 – The Mexican town of Cherán is taken over by vigilantes in response to abuses from the local drug cartel. The new government is strongly focused on crime reduction and preserving the local environment.
  • April 2528 – The 2011 Super Outbreak forms in the Southern, Midwest and Eastern United States with a tornado count of 362; killing 324 and injuring over 2,200.
  • April 29 – An estimated two billion people[26] watch the wedding of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge and Catherine Middleton at Westminster Abbey in London.

May

The U.S. national security team gathered in the White House Situation Room to monitor the progress of Operation Neptune Spear
  • May 1 – U.S. President Barack Obama announces that Osama bin Laden, the founder and leader of the militant group Al-Qaeda, was killed on May 2, 2011 (PKT, UTC+05) during an American military operation in Pakistan.[27]
  • May 1014 – The Eurovision Song Contest 2011 takes place in Düsseldorf, Germany, and is won by Azeri entrants Ell & Nikki with the song "Running Scared".
  • May 16 – The European Union agrees to a €78 billion rescue deal for Portugal. The bailout loan will be equally split between the European Financial Stabilisation Mechanism, the European Financial Stability Facility, and the International Monetary Fund.[28]
  • May 21Grímsvötn, Iceland's most active volcano, erupts and causes disruption to air travel in Northwestern Europe.[29]
  • May 22 – The 2011 Joplin tornado, an EF5 tornado, strikes Joplin, Missouri, killing 158 and injuring 1,150.
  • May 26 – Former Bosnian Serb Army commander Ratko Mladić, wanted for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity, is arrested in Serbia.[30][31]

June

July

August

September

October

  • October 4 – The death toll from the flooding of Cambodia's Mekong river and attendant flash floods reaches 207.[62]
  • October 18 – Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange: Israel and the Palestinian militant organization Hamas begin a major prisoner exchange, in which the captured Israeli Army soldier Gilad Shalit is released by Hamas in exchange for 1,027 Palestinian and Israeli-Arab prisoners held in Israel, including 280 prisoners serving life sentences for planning and perpetrating terror attacks.[63][64][65]
  • October 20
    • Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi is killed in Sirte, with National Transitional Council forces taking control of the city and ending the war.[66][67][68][69]
    • Basque separatist militant organisation ETA declares an end to its 43-year campaign of political violence, which has killed over 800 people since 1968.[70]
  • October 23 – A magnitude 7.2 Mw earthquake jolts eastern Turkey near the city of Van, killing over 600 people and damaging about 2,200 buildings.[71]
  • October 27 – After an emergency meeting in Brussels, the European Union announces an agreement to tackle the European sovereign debt crisis which includes a writedown of 50% of Greek bonds, a recapitalisation of European banks and an increase of the bailout fund of the European Financial Stability Facility totaling to €1 trillion.[72][73]
  • October 29 – A large snowstorm produced unusual amounts of early snowfall across the northeastern United States and the Canadian Maritimes, leaving 1.7 million people without power and disrupting travel.[74]
  • October 31
    • Date selected by the UN as the symbolic date when global population reaches seven billion.[75]
    • UNESCO admits Palestine as a member, following a vote which 107 member states support and 14 oppose.[76]

November

December

Births

  • January 8 – Prince Vincent and Princess Josephine of Denmark

Deaths

January

Prince Ali-Reza Pahlavi of Iran

February

March

April

May

June

July

Betty Ford

August

September

October

Steve Jobs
Muammar Gaddafi
Sultan bin Abdulaziz Al Saud

November

December

Kim Jong-il

Nobel Prizes

Nobel medal.png

New English words

References

  1. ^ "United Nations Observances". United Nations. Retrieved July 5, 2012.
  2. ^ "Samoa to change time zones and move forward by a day". Metro. Archived from the original on September 6, 2011.
  3. ^ "Samoa to move the International Dateline". Herald Sun.
  4. ^ "Estonia becomes 17th member of the euro zone 31/12/2010 BBC News". BBC News. December 31, 2010. Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  5. ^ Gardner, Frank (December 17, 2011). "Tunisia one year on: Where the Arab Spring started". BBC News. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
  6. ^ "Vegetable seller who inspired Arab Spring honoured". CBC News. Associated Press. December 17, 2011. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
  7. ^ "Al-ManarTV:: South Sudan Referendum Wraps up, Khartoum Vows to Recognize Results 15/01/2011". Almanar.com.lb. January 15, 2011. Retrieved January 31, 2011.
  8. ^ Sudan referendum: what's being voted on and what will happen? The Telegraph. January 8, 2011
  9. ^ Wyre Davies (December 15, 2010). "BBC News – Tunisia: President Zine al-Abidine Ali forced out". BBC News. Archived from the original on January 15, 2011. Retrieved January 14, 2011.
  10. ^ "Uprising in Tunisia: People Power topples Ben Ali regime". Indybay. January 16, 2011. Retrieved January 26, 2011.
  11. ^ Amie Ferris-Rotman (January 24, 2011). "Suicide bomber kills 31 at Russia's biggest airport". Reuters. Retrieved June 21, 2011.
  12. ^ Число жертв теракта в Домодедово возросло до 37 (in Russian). RIA Novosti. February 24, 2011. Retrieved February 24, 2011.
  13. ^ Steve Rosenberg (January 24, 2011). "Moscow bombing: Carnage at Russia's Domodedovo airport". BBC News. Archived from the original on January 25, 2011. Retrieved January 24, 2011.
  14. ^ "Hosni Mubarak resigns as president". Al Jazeera. February 11, 2011. Archived from the original on February 11, 2011. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
  15. ^ Dicolo, Jerry A.; Baskin, Brian (February 22, 2011). "The Stealth Return of $100 Oil". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on February 24, 2011. Retrieved March 12, 2011.
  16. ^ "Japan earthquake live blog: Death toll rises amid widespread destruction". CNN blog. Time Warner. March 12, 2011. Archived from the original on March 16, 2011. Retrieved March 12, 2011.
  17. ^ Staff writer (March 15, 2011). "Bahrain King Declares State of Emergency after Protests". BBC News. Archived from the original on April 5, 2011. Retrieved April 15, 2011.
  18. ^ Staff writer (March 15, 2011). "Two Killed in Bahrain Violence Despite Martial Law". BBC News. Archived from the original on April 5, 2011. Retrieved April 15, 2011.
  19. ^ "Mid-East unrest: Syrian protests in Damascus and Aleppo". BBC News. March 15, 2011. Retrieved May 10, 2017.
  20. ^ "Fresh violence hits Syrian town". Al Jazeera. April 30, 2011. Retrieved May 10, 2017.
  21. ^ "libyafeb17.com". libyafeb17.com. Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  22. ^ "World leaders launch military action in Libya". NBC News. March 19, 2011. Retrieved March 19, 2011.
  23. ^ Kirkpatrick, David D.; Bumiller, Elisabeth (March 19, 2011). "France Sends Military Flights Over Libya". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 26, 2011. Retrieved March 19, 2011.
  24. ^ Sholom Friedmann (February 14, 2018). "Our Journey". Ami Magazine. No. 355. p. 118.
  25. ^ "Gbagbo, wife in Ouattara's custody in I.Coast: UN". Reuters. April 11, 2011. Archived from the original on April 26, 2011. Retrieved April 11, 2011.
  26. ^ Grimley, Naomi (April 29, 2011). "Royal wedding: The world watches William and Kate". BBC News. Retrieved May 16, 2011.
  27. ^ Goldman, Adam; Brummitt, Chris (May 2, 2011). "Bin Laden's demise: Long pursuit, burst of gunfire". Associated Press. Archived from the original on May 13, 2011. Retrieved May 16, 2011.
  28. ^ "Portugal's 78bn euro bail-out is formally approved". BBC Business News. May 16, 2011. Retrieved November 13, 2011.
  29. ^ David Learmount (May 26, 2011). "European proceedures (sic) cope with new ash cloud". Flightglobal. Archived from the original on July 3, 2015. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
  30. ^ Interpol. "Interpol: Wanted MLADIC, Ratko". Interpol.int. Archived from the original on July 4, 2009. Retrieved May 26, 2011.
  31. ^ Wardrop, Murray (May 26, 2011). "Ratko Mladic: war crimes fugitive 'arrested in Serbia'". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved May 26, 2011.
  32. ^ McNeil Jr, Donald G. (June 27, 2011). "Rinderpest, a Centuries-Old Animal Disease, Is Eradicated". The New York Times.
  33. ^ "South Sudan: New nation". BBC. July 24, 2013. Retrieved October 23, 2013.
  34. ^ "Neptune Completes First Orbit Since Its Discovery in 1846". Space.com.
  35. ^ Worsnip, Patrick; Davies, Megan (July 14, 2011). "South Sudan admitted to U.N. as 193rd member". Reuters. Retrieved November 29, 2015.
  36. ^ "The Associated Press: Serbia arrests last Balkan war crimes fugitive". Google.com. Archived from the original on July 20, 2011. Retrieved July 21, 2011.
  37. ^ "Somalia on verge of famine". CBC News. July 18, 2011. Archived from the original on July 20, 2011. Retrieved July 18, 2011.
  38. ^ "Atlantis Completes Final Space Shuttle Program Landing at 5:57 a.m. EDT". NASA. July 21, 2011. Archived from the original on July 26, 2011. Retrieved July 21, 2011.
  39. ^ "Norway massacre: 'We could hear the gunshots getting closer'". BBC. Retrieved October 13, 2018.
  40. ^ "Thailand cleans up; Areas remain flooded". Time. Associated Press. December 2, 2011. Archived from the original on January 8, 2012.
  41. ^ "Death toll of Thai floods rises to 790". The Jakarta Post. December 30, 2011. Archived from the original on February 17, 2012. Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  42. ^ South East Asia correspondent, wires. "ABC News Australia". Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  43. ^ Detrixhe, John (August 6, 2011). "U.S. Loses AAA Credit Rating as S&P Slams Debt Levels, Political Process". Bloomberg.
  44. ^ Bremer, Catherine; Dmitracova, Olesya (August 8, 2011). "Analysis: France, Britain AAA-ratings under scrutiny". Paris/London. Reuters. Retrieved August 10, 2011.
  45. ^ "NASA launches mission to Jupiter". RTÉ. August 5, 2011. Retrieved August 5, 2011.
  46. ^ "Wednesday, August 31, 2011 – 09:31 GMT+3 – Libya". Blogs.aljazeera.net. August 31, 2011. Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  47. ^ Staff (August 29, 2011). "Gadhafi Family Members in Algeria, Ambassador Says". CNN. Retrieved August 29, 2011.
  48. ^ Staff (August 23, 2011). "Libya Unrest: Rebels Overrun Gadhafi Tripoli Compound". BBC News. Retrieved August 24, 2011.
  49. ^ "India-Bangladesh sign pact on border demarcation". Ibnlive.in.com. Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  50. ^ 197 bodies retrieved in Tanzania ferry accident: Minister Xinhua September 11, 2011
  51. ^ Hassan Lali (September 12, 2011). "Kenya fire: Nairobi pipeline blaze 'kills at least 75'". BBC News. Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  52. ^ Saba, Michael (September 17, 2011). "Twitter #occupywallstreet movement aims to mimic Iran". CNN tech. Retrieved September 17, 2011.
  53. ^ "Occupy Wall Street | September 17th". Adbusters.org. Archived from the original on November 4, 2011. Retrieved October 6, 2011.
  54. ^ Shenker, Jack; Gabbatt, Adam (October 25, 2011). "Tahrir Square protesters send message of solidarity to Occupy Wall Street". The Guardian. London. Retrieved November 15, 2011.
  55. ^ "احتجاجات بـ82 دولة للمطالبة بالعدالة". AlJazeera.net. Retrieved January 3, 2012.
  56. ^ Joanna Walters (October 8, 2011). "Occupy America: protests against Wall Street and inequality hit 70 cities". The Guardian. London. Retrieved October 14, 2011.
  57. ^ Derek Thompson (October 15, 2011). "Occupy the World: The '99 Percent' Movement Goes Global". The Atlantic. Retrieved October 15, 2011.
  58. ^ Karla Adam (October 15, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street protests go global". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
  59. ^ Karla Adam (October 16, 2011). "Occupy Wall Street protests continue worldwide". The Washington Post.
  60. ^ Joanna Walters in Seattle (October 8, 2011). "Occupy America: protests against Wall Street and inequality hit 70 cities | World news". The Observer. UK. Retrieved October 13, 2011.
  61. ^ "UN Appeals For $357 Million To Help Pakistan Flood Victims ''Radio Free Europe''". Rferl.org. September 19, 2011. Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  62. ^ "Floods claim 207 lives in Cambodia". Wfp.org. Archived from the original on December 27, 2011. Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  63. ^ "After 5 years in captivity, Shalit is back home - CNN.com". CNN. October 19, 2011.
  64. ^ "Gilad Shalit release: Palestinian prisoner exchange getting under way". The Guardian. London. October 18, 2011.
  65. ^ "Schalit reunites with parents, PM... JPost – Diplomacy & Politics". Jpost.com. October 18, 2011. Archived from the original on December 22, 2011. Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  66. ^ "NTC claims capture of Gaddafi – Africa". Al Jazeera English. October 4, 2011. Retrieved October 20, 2011.
  67. ^ "BBC News – Col Gaddafi killed". BBC. October 22, 2011. Retrieved October 20, 2011.
  68. ^ Nakhoul, Samia (October 20, 2011). "Gaddafi dies of wounds – NTC official". Reuters UK. Reuters. Retrieved October 20, 2011.
  69. ^ "Muammar Gaddafi 'killed' in gun battle – Africa". Al Jazeera English. October 4, 2011. Retrieved October 20, 2011.
  70. ^ "ETA pone fin a 43 años de terror | Política &#124". El País. Politica.elpais.com. Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  71. ^ "2011 Van earthquake". Earthquake Report. October 23, 2011. Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  72. ^ "Leaders agree eurozone debt deal after late-night talks". BBC News. October 27, 2011. Retrieved October 27, 2011.
  73. ^ Bhatti, Jabeen (October 27, 2011). "EU leaders reach a deal to tackle debt crisis". USA Today. Retrieved October 27, 2011.
  74. ^ "CT resumes digging out from 'Alfred'". October 31, 2011.
  75. ^ "Population seven billion: UN sets out challenges". BBC News. October 26, 2011. Retrieved October 30, 2011.
  76. ^ "General Conference admits Palestine as UNESCO Member". October 31, 2011. Retrieved December 11, 2011.
  77. ^ Dunn, Marcia (November 26, 2011). "NASA launches world's largest rover to Mars". The Globe and Mail. Cape Canaveral, Florida. The Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 7, 2012. Retrieved August 23, 2017.
  78. ^ Klotz, Irene (November 27, 2011). "NASA rover launched to seek out life clues on Mars". Cape Canaveral, Florida. Reuters.
  79. ^ "NASA launches new Mars rover". Al Jazeera. November 26, 2011.
  80. ^ James Reynolds (November 9, 2011). "UK to expel all Iranian diplomats over embassy attack". BBC. Retrieved December 1, 2011.
  81. ^ "US flag ceremony ends Iraq operation". BBC News. December 15, 2011. Retrieved December 15, 2011.
  82. ^ Easley, Jonathan (December 15, 2011). "Panetta marks Iraq war's end in Baghdad". DEFCON Hill – The HILL’S Defense Blog. Retrieved December 15, 2011.
  83. ^ "US lowers flag to end Iraq war". Associated Press. December 15, 2011. Retrieved December 15, 2011.
  84. ^ "U.S. formally ends Iraq war with little fanfare". Associated Press. December 15, 2011. Retrieved December 15, 2011.
  85. ^ Mak, Tim (December 15, 2011). "Leon Panetta marks end of Iraq war". POLITICO.com. Retrieved December 15, 2011.
  86. ^ "Effects of Tropical Storm "Sendong" (Washi) and Emergency Operations" (PDF). Philippines: National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. December 30, 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 2, 2012. Retrieved January 1, 2012.
  87. ^ "Back to the future: Samoa and Tokelau to cross international date line, jump forward a day". Chicago Tribune. December 21, 2011. Retrieved December 29, 2011.
  88. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2011". Nobel Foundation. October 5, 2011. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
  89. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Economics 2011". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved October 20, 2011.
  90. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Literature 2011". Nobel Foundation. October 6, 2011. Retrieved October 6, 2011.
  91. ^ "The Nobel Peace Prize 2011". Nobel Foundation. October 7, 2011. Retrieved October 7, 2011.
  92. ^ "The 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics – Press Release". Nobelprize.org. October 4, 2011. Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  93. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2011". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  94. ^ "Time Traveler by Merriam-Webster: Words from 2011". merriam-webster.com. Retrieved May 4, 2018.
This article is copied from an article on Wikipedia® - the free encyclopedia created and edited by its online user community. The text was not checked or edited by anyone on our staff. Although the vast majority of Wikipedia® encyclopedia articles provide accurate and timely information, please do not assume the accuracy of any particular article. This article is distributed under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License.

Copyright © 2003-2025 Farlex, Inc Disclaimer
All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.