Wikipedia

List of monorail systems

The Shanghai maglev train in China

A monorail is a railway system in which the track consists of a single rail, typically elevated and with the trains suspended from it. The term is also used to describe the beam of the system, or the vehicles traveling on such a beam or track. Many monorail systems run on elevated tracks through crowded areas that would otherwise require the construction of expensive underground lines or have the disadvantages of surface lines.

Operational monorails

Location Country Name Year opened Stations System length Type Notes
Gold Coast, Queensland Australia Sea World Monorail System 1986 3 5.6 km (3.5 mi) Amusement park
Lichtaart Belgium Bobbejaanland Monorail[1] 1961 3 1.85 km (1.15 mi) Amusement park
São Paulo Brazil Line 15 (São Paulo Metro) 2014 10 12.8 km (8.0 mi)[2] Urban
Montreal Canada La Ronde (amusement park) Minirail 1967 2 2.1 km (1.3 mi) Amusement park
Changsha China Changsha Maglev Express 2016 3 18.6 km (11.5 mi) Urban Medium-speed maglev
Chongqing China Line 2 (Chongqing Rail Transit) 2005 25 30.3 km (18.8 mi) Urban
Chongqing China Line 3 (Chongqing Rail Transit) 2011 45 66.2 km (41.1 mi) Urban
Dongguan (Fenggang) China Castfast Hotel Monorail ? 2 ? Hotel
Shanghai China Shanghai maglev train 2002 2 30.5 km (19.0 mi) Urban High-speed maglev
Shenzhen China Happy Line 1998 7 3.88 km (2.41 mi) Amusement park
Shenzhen China Window of the World Monorail 1993 3 1.7 km (1.1 mi) Amusement park
Helsinki Finland Linnanmäki Monorail (Maisemajuna) 1979 1 0.5 km (0.31 mi) Amusement park
Saint-Pourçain-sur-Besbre France Le Pal Monorail 1 Amusement park
Wuppertal Germany Wuppertal Suspension Railway 1901 20 13.3 km (8.3 mi) Urban
Dresden Germany Dresden Suspension Railway 1901 2 0.27 km (0.17 mi) People mover
Dortmund Germany H-Bahn Monorail 1984 4 3.16 km (1.96 mi) People mover
Düsseldorf Germany Düsseldorf SkyTrain Düsseldorf Airport 2002 4 2.5 km (1.6 mi) Airport
Rust Germany Europa-Park 1995 4 2.5 km (1.6 mi) Amusement park
Soltau Germany Heide Park 1985 1 1.6 km (0.99 mi) Amusement park
Mumbai India Mumbai Monorail 2014 17 19.54 km (12.14 mi) Urban
Indramayu Regency Indonesia Indramayu Monorail 2018 1 7.6 km (4.7 mi) Amusement park
Ravenna Italy Mirabilandia Monorail 1992 1 1.5 km (0.93 mi) Amusement park
Bologna Italy Marconi Express Monorail 2020 3 5.095 km (3.166 mi) People mover
Tokyo Japan Tokyo Monorail 1964 11 17.8 km (11.1 mi) Urban
Western Tokyo Japan Tama Toshi Monorail Line 1998 19 16 km (9.9 mi) Urban
Taitō, Tokyo Japan Ueno Zoo Monorail 1958 2 0.3 km (0.19 mi) Amusement park
Urayasu Japan Disney Resort Line 2001 4 5 km (3.1 mi) Amusement park
Chiba Japan Chiba Urban Monorail 1988 18 15.2 km (9.4 mi) Urban Suspended
Osaka Prefecture Japan Osaka Monorail 1990 18 28 km (17 mi) Urban
Kanagawa Prefecture Japan Shonan Monorail 1970 8 6.6 km (4.1 mi) Urban Suspended
Aki-ku, Hiroshima Japan Skyrail Midorizaka Line 1998 3 1.3 km (0.81 mi) People mover
Kitakyushu Japan Kitakyushu Monorail 1985 13 8.8 km (5.5 mi) Urban
Naha, Okinawa Japan Okinawa Urban Monorail 2003 19 17 km (11 mi) Urban
Malacca City, Malacca Malaysia Melaka Monorail 2010 3 2.5 km (1.6 mi) Other
Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Monorail 2003 11 8.6 km (5.3 mi) Urban
Mexico City Mexico Aerotrén 2007 2 3 km (1.9 mi) Airport
The Hague Netherlands Drievliet Amusement Park Amusement park
Hardenberg Netherlands Slagharen Amusement Park Amusement park
Hellendoorn Netherlands Hellendoorn Amusement Park Amusement park
Rhenen Netherlands Ouwehands Zoo Amusement park
Calabar Nigeria Calabar Monorail 2016 3[3] 1.1 km (0.68 mi)
Moscow Russia Moscow Monorail 2004 6 4.7 km (2.9 mi) Urban
Singapore Singapore Sentosa Express 2007 4 2.1 km (1.3 mi) Urban
Nasrec, Johannesburg South Africa Expo Centrek Monorail Exposition Centre Located next to the 2010 FIFA World Cup Soccer City) hosts a monorail[4] that operates during major events such as the Rand Easter Show
Sun City South Africa Sun City Casino Resort Monorail Amusement park Linking day visitor parking area to main complex.[5]
Daegu South Korea Daegu Metro Line 3 2015 30 23.9 km (14.9 mi) Urban
Zaragoza Spain Plaza Imperial Monorail[6] 2008 2 0.6 km (0.37 mi) People mover
Dashu District, Kaohsiung Taiwan E-DA Theme Park Monorail 2
Ashgabat Turkmenistan Ashgabat Monorail 2016[7] 3 5.2 km (3.2 mi) People mover
Dubai UAE Palm Jumeirah Monorail 2009 2 5.45 km (3.39 mi) Urban
Alton Towers UK Alton Towers Monorail 1987 2 1.4 km (0.87 mi) Amusement park Trains were originally used at Expo 86 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Flamingo Land UK Flamingo Land Monorail Amusement park
Beaulieu, Hampshire UK National Motor Museum Monorail 1974 2 1.6 km (0.99 mi) Amusement park
Great Yarmouth Pleasure Beach UK Great Yarmouth Pleasure Beach Monorail 1987[8] 1 Amusement park
Tampa, Florida US Tampa International Airport monorail 1991 8 1 km (0.62 mi) Airport
Newark, New Jersey US AirTrain Newark 1996 8 4.8 km (3.0 mi) Airport
Las Vegas, Nevada US Las Vegas Monorail 2004 7 6.3 km (3.9 mi) Urban
Jacksonville, Florida US Jacksonville Skyway 1989 8 4.0 km (2.5 mi) Urban
Seattle, Washington US Seattle Center Monorail 1962 2 1.54 km (0.96 mi) Urban
Anaheim, California US Disneyland Monorail System 1959 2 4 km (2.5 mi) Amusement park
Bay Lake, Florida US Walt Disney World Monorail System 1971 6 23.66 km (14.70 mi) Amusement park
Hershey, Pennsylvania US Hersheypark Amusement park
Lancaster, Pennsylvania US Dutch Wonderland[9] Amusement park
Ocean City, New Jersey US Gillians Wonderland Pier Amusement park
Marshall, Wisconsin US Little Amerricka Amusement park
Miami, Florida US Zoo Miami Monorail 1984 4 5 km (3.1 mi) Amusement park
New York, New York US Bronx Zoo Monorail 1977 1 2.6 km (1.6 mi) Amusement park To visit Wild Asia exhibit in the Bronx Zoo
Dallas, Texas US Dallas Zoo Monorail Amusement park
Gilroy, California US Gilroy Gardens Monorail Amusement park Provides users with an aerial view of the gardens' giant greenhouse
Sacramento, California US Cal Expo Monorail 1968 Amusement park California Exposition has a monorail that runs for more than a mile around their fairgrounds. It is only open during the California State Fair[10]
Aiea, Hawaii US Pearlridge Skycab People mover Pearlridge Center. Connects the Uptown part of the mall to the Downtown part of the mall.
Fairfield, Ohio US Jungle Jim's International Market Monorail Other Brings riders from a remote parking lot to the Oscar Events Center; cars were originally used at nearby Kings Island.[11]
Memphis, Tennessee US Memphis Suspension Railway Monorail Other A short suspended monorail connects Mud Island in the Mississippi River to Memphis

This is a listing of operating monorails that are open to the public. Only true monorails (vehicle wider than track) are included; see people mover for a list of monorail-like systems.

Von Roll monorail at Alton Towers, UK, originally built for Expo 86 in Canada
CRT Line 2, Dongwuyuan station in Chongqing, China
The Walt Disney World Monorail System.
The Moscow monorail

Under construction

Physical construction work has started on the following monorails:

Africa

Country City Name of system Opening
Nigeria Nigeria Port Harcourt Rivers Monorail Unknown
Egypt Egypt Cairo Cairo Monorail Unknown

Americas

Country City Name of system Opening
Brazil Brazil São Paulo Line 17 2021
Brazil Brazil Bahia SkyRail Bahia 2022

Asia

Country City Name of systems Opening references
India India Dholera SIR City Dholera City Monorail 2024 [12]
China China Liuzhou Liuzhou Rail Transit Unknown
China China Guang'an Guang'an Metro 2020
China China Wuhu Wuhu Metro 2020
Iran Iran Qom Qom Monorail 2022
Malaysia Malaysia Putrajaya Putrajaya Monorail Construction halted since 2004
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia Riyadh Riyadh Monorail Unknown
Thailand Thailand Bangkok Yellow Line 2022
Thailand Thailand Bangkok Pink Line 2022

Proposed monorails

Africa

Country City Notes
Nigeria Nigeria Lagos [13]
South Africa South Africa Johannesburg [14]
South Africa South Africa Cape Town [14]
Ghana Ghana Accra [1] [2]
Egypt Egypt Cairo [15][16]
Nigeria Nigeria Onitsha [17]
Nigeria Nigeria Aba [18]
Nigeria Nigeria Umuahia [18]

Americas

Asia

Bangladesh

China

Hong Kong

India

Malaysia

Philippines

Sri Lanka

Thailand

Vietnam

Europe

United Kingdom

  • Liverpool to Manchester Bher monorail, circa 1900[27][28]
  • Manchester Monorail, a 16-mile (26 km) SAFEGE-type monorail proposed in 1966 for Manchester, UK, to run across the city to Manchester Airport[29][30]
  • Preston Monorail, United Kingdom[31]
  • Liverpool Monorail, United Kingdom (to be created as part of the Liverpool Waters project with link to John Lennon Airport

Greece

  • Thessaloniki Monorail, Greece, proposed monorail line that will start at Mikra Station and end at Makedonia International Airport. The plan is unlikely to be realised as an extension of the metro to the airport is preferred.

Denmark

  • MCH Skybus, Herning, Denmark - MCH's 2025 vision includes a monorail system between the exhibition centre and the town centre.[32]

Poland

Oceania

  • Brisbane Airport Monorail[33]
  • Nelson City Monorail[34]

Decommissioned or cancelled

Americas

Brazil

  • Rio de Janeiro had a private monorail that linked Barra Shopping mall to its parking lot. Only one part of the track and the platform still remain, in the parking lot (second floor, behind the Fnac dome).
  • The Poços de Caldas Monorail was the very first monorail system in Brazil. It operated for 9 years when it went privatized and closed by its buyer. Today the system remains dead.[35]

Canada

  • Expo 86 in Vancouver, British Columbia had a monorail that was moved to Alton Towers in the United Kingdom.
  • The Minirail at Expo 67 in Montreal, which joined Pleasure Beach Blackpool in purchasing rail and rolling stock from the monorail system at the 1964 Lausanne exposition, along with new rail cars from the manufacturer.[36][37]
  • The Ontario Southern Railway operated one of the earliest North American monorails between Crystal Beach Park in Crystal Beach, Ontario and the main line railway station (1896–1898).
  • Toronto Zoo Domain Ride, Toronto (1976–1994) Though technologically closer to a simple rubber-tired metro, it was almost universally referred to as a monorail.
  • Wasaga Beach, Ontario, Canada

United States

  • The Boynton Bicycle Railroad was a monorail on Long Island, New York, which ran on a single load-bearing rail at ground level with a wooden overhead stabilising rail engaged by a pair of horizontally opposed wheels.
  • Busch Gardens Tampa Bay had a monorail, the Veldt Monorail. It shut down in 1999.
  • Busch Gardens Williamsburg had a monorail, Eagle One, that connected the theme park with the nearby Anheuser-Busch brewery. Park visitors could tour the brewery and return via monorail. Eagle One was dismantled in the 1990s.
  • Busch Gardens California also had a monorail for the brewery tour. It was dismantled upon park closing however the supports still exist to support brewery piping.
  • Carowinds operated the Carowinds Monorail from 1973 through 1994.[38]
  • The Centennial Monorail was demonstrated at the Centennial International Exhibition of 1876, which was held in Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence.
  • The Epsom Salts Monorail was "the fastest moving monorail in the world" when it was built from 1922 to 1924 by Thomas Wright, a florist from Los Angeles, who had discovered magnesium salts southwest of Death Valley.
  • HemisFair '68 had a monorail that carried visitors around the pavilions during the six-month event. Over 1 million riders[39] used the monorail, which was designed by Universal Design, Ltd. A collision between two trains on September 15, 1968 resulted in one death and 48 injuries.
  • Geauga Lake operated a monorail from 1969-2006, named the Bel-Aire Express
  • Jetrail, a suspended monorail, was the world's first fully automated monorail system during operation at Dallas Love Field (1969–1974)
  • The Trailblazer suspended monorail ran from October 1956 until 1964 at Fair Park in Dallas, Texas. The single monorail car was used in Houston for a demonstration prior to its relocation to the State Fair of Texas.[40]
  • Kings Dominion near Richmond, Virginia had a monorail as the conveyance for visitors to its Lion Country Safari attraction, which was removed after the 1993 season.
  • State Fair of Oklahoma Monorail, Oklahoma City (1964–2005)
  • The Pelham Park and City Island Railroad in the Bronx, New York operated a short-lived monorail system in 1910. It ceased operation after an accident.
  • The Philadelphia Zoo had a monorail in the 1970s and 1980s, but was discontinued in the 1990s.
  • Miami Seaquarium Spacerail, Miami Seaquarium (1963–1991)
  • The Wgasa Bush Line at the San Diego Wild Animal Park near Escondido, California was shut down in March 2007.
  • Flushing Meadows–Corona Park in Queens, New York had a monorail during the 1964 New York World's Fair. It was a proof of concept with only one station. It was sponsored by American Machine and Foundry.
  • Jungle Jim's International Grocery Store near Cincinnati, Ohio maintained a monorail circulator purchased from Kings Island Theme Park. However, plans are in motion to bring the monorail back online in the future to shuttle people from the grocery store's hotel to the store.
  • Six Flags Magic Mountain operated a monorail since the park's opening in 1971 and shut down several years ago due to lack of parts.
  • Fairplex operated a monorail built by the American Crane and Hoist company. The middle 90s saw a new station and new cars built by Arrow Dynamics. The new cars were far heavier than the original and caused it to last only a couple of years more until it was dismantled.
  • Santa's Village in Skyforest had another American Crane and Hoist monorail that shut down when the park went defunct.
  • The Hotchkiss Bicycle Railroad ran from Smithville to Mount Holly, New Jersey from 1892 to 1897
  • The Minnesota Zoo operated a monorail around the grounds of its Apple Valley, Minnesota site from 1979 until 2013.[41]

Asia

Hong Kong

India

Iran

Indonesia

  • Jakarta Monorail, Jakarta Jakarta Monorail cancelled in 2015 because the Governor of Jakarta cancels it and build the Jabodebek LRT.

Japan

Malaysia

  • Sunway Monorail, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. Served Sunway City, including Sunway Pyramid mall and Sunway Lagoon theme park and the surrounding. Decommissioned and partly dismantled to allow mall expansion. It being replaced by BRT Sunway Line.

Singapore

Thailand

  • Fashion Island Monorail, Bangkok, Thailand. Short indoor amusement park monorail in Fashion Island shopping center. Decommissioned due to an accident that killed 2 riders.
  • Tuk-Tuk Monorail, Bangkok. Half indoor-outdoor monorail tour operated between LeoLand amusement park and the water park. The track survives in the 6th floor of Central City Bang Na.

Europe

  • Blackpool Pleasure Beach (relocated from 1964 Lausanne fair in Switzerland, closed in 2012)[46][47]
  • Milngavie, near Glasgow, had an experimental high-speed propellor-powered monorail, the Bennie Rail Plane, built during 1929-30 and abandoned during the Great Depression.
  • Butlins Skegness Camp, Skegness, United Kingdom (1964–2003) — the first commercial monorail in the UK. Closed at the end of the 2002 season after the track was deemed to be structurally unsafe due to deterioration in the support foundations on the ground.
  • Birmingham Airport had a magnetic levitation train which had to be closed down due it becoming life expired and a lack of spare parts. It was later rebuilt as a more conventional elevated rail system.
  • Lartigue Monorail in France and Ireland. A restored 1-kilometre (0.62 mi) section now operates in Listowel.
  • Safari Skyway, Chessington, United Kingdom (1986–2015). Operated in Chessington World of Adventures.
  • Merry Hill Shopping Centre, Brierley Hill, West Midlands had a Von Roll Mk III Series monorail which opened in June 1991 but only worked for a short while before finally being sold off in 1996. The rolling stock now operates in Broadbeach, Queensland, Australia. Reasons for the closure of this system include a combination of technical problems and safety concerns (especially the difficulty of evacuation), exacerbated by a dispute between the owners of Merry Hill and The Waterfront which at this time were owned separately.
  • Seville Expo '92
  • France has two abandoned test tracks for the Aérotrain, which can be considered monorails. One is between Limours and Gometz-la-Ville and the other between Saran and Artenay. France also had a suspended monorail the SAFEGE that featured in the film Fahrenheit 451.
  • Russia had one suspended monorail built in 1899 at a leisure park. A horse-pulled monorail was already built in 1820 in Myachkove near Moscow.
  • Phantasialand: Phantasialand Jet (1974-2008), closed and removed. Manufacturer was the German theme park ride manufacturer Schwarzkopf.
  • Chester Zoo monorail 1.4 km (0.9 mi), operational 1991 to 2019.[48]
  • Emsland test facility, test track for the Transrapid Maglev.

Oceania

Former Sydney Monorail
  • Sydney Monorail (also known as Metro Monorail), Sydney, Australia (closed on 30 June 2013)[49]
A monorail train at World Expo 88
  • Brisbane, Queensland had a Von Roll Type II monorail built for World Expo '88. Four sets, consisting of nine carriages each, operated in a continuous loop throughout the Expo site. A single train set and some track was sold to Sea World, Gold Coast, in 1989 for expansion of its monorail system. The remainder of the sets and track were bought back by Von Roll.
  • Oasis Shopping Centre, Broadbeach, Queensland ran between the shopping centre and Conrad Jupiters Casino. The Von Roll Mark III monorail, owned by the Oasis Shopping Centre, consisted of two 4-carriage trains. Two spare carriages that were removed when the system switched from 5-carriage to 4-carriage trains were also kept with the two trains. Most components were original to the Oasis Monorail, but some were sourced from the UK Merry Hill Shopping Centre's former monorail that closed in 1993. As of July, 2017, most of the monorail system has been removed (closed on 29 January 2017).[50]

See also

References

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  2. ^ "Governo de SP entrega 3 novas estações do Metrô". São Paulo.sp (in Portuguese). Governo do Estado de São Paulo. 2019. Retrieved 2019-12-16.
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  9. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-07-05. Retrieved 2007-07-09.
  10. ^ Hilton, Spud. "The monorail at CalExpo winds more than a - Media (3 of 4) State Fair's city of fun / California's". The San Francisco Chronicle.
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  12. ^ "Ahmedabad-Dholera SIR monorail gets green signal - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2021-01-10.
  13. ^ NIGERIAN MONORAIL
  14. ^ a b African Business July 2007 p48
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  17. ^ ONITSHA METROPOLITAN MONORAIL, NIGERIA
  18. ^ a b "Nigeria". Railpage. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
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  20. ^ "Rousseff to sign agreement for US$875mn monorail construction in Rio - BNamericas". 6 September 2013.
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  25. ^ "Noticias del Perú y el Mundo - El Comercio Perú". El Comercio.
  26. ^ https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/trafficandcommuting/a-montgomery-developer-has-a-plan-to-ease-traffic-on-i-270-build-a-monorail/2019/05/18/fc89372a-7724-11e9-b3f5-5673edf2d127_story.html
  27. ^ Liverpool and Manchester - A Proposed One Line Railway
  28. ^ The Story of the Monorail
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  32. ^ "6. fase - Svævebane". MCH. Archived from the original on 19 October 2011. Retrieved 20 August 2011.
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  35. ^ http://www.memoriadepocos.com.br/2011/01/30-anos-de-monotrilho.html
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  43. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2010-07-13.
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  49. ^ "Sydney's monorail to make its final stop on June 30 next year".
  50. ^ "Long-time driver Les Davis says goodbye to the Broadbeach monorail as redevelopment starts".

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