1286

Year 1286 (MCCLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By area

Africa

• Abu Zakariya is successful in setting a principality centered on Béjaïa, which becomes a rival of the main Hafsid entity based in Tunis.^[1]

Asia

• In the Lao kingdom of Muang Sua, King Panya Leng is overthrown in a coup d'état led by his son Panya Khamphong, which is likely to have been supported by the regionally dominant Mongol Yuan Dynasty of China.
• Kublai Khan plots a final Mongol invasion of Japan, but aborts the plan due to a lack of necessary resources.

Europe

• March 19 – King Alexander III of Scotland dies in a horse accident, with only Yolande of Dreux, Queen of Scotland's unborn child and 3-year-old Margaret, Maid of Norway as heirs; this sets the stage for the First War of Scottish Independence, and the increased influence of England over Scotland.
• King Philip IV of France imposes the gabelle – a tax on salt in the form of a state monopoly – which will become immensely unpopular and grossly unequal, but persist until 1790.
• Old Prussians resettled in Sambia stage a famous uprising.
• King Rudolph I of Germany declares all Jews to be "serfs of the Treasury", thus negating all their political freedoms.
• The Guelph Republic of Siena allows exiled Ghibelline rebels back into the city.^[2]
• The War of the Ass is fought between the Ghisi and Sanudo families, in the Duchy of the Archipelago.
• Earliest reference to the Aldersbach brewery in Lower Bavaria.

By topic

Arts and culture

• March 7 – The Catholicon, a religious Latin dictionary, is completed by John Balbi of Genoa.

Births

• March 8 – John III, Duke of Brittany (d. 1341)
• June 30 – John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey, English nobleman (d. 1347)
• date unknown – John Palaiologos, Byzantine prince and governor of Thessalonica (d. 1307)
  • Princess Shōshi of Japan (d. 1348)
• probable
  • Sir James Douglas, Scottish patriot (d. 1330)
  • Hugh Despenser the Younger, English heir of Hugh le Despenser (d. 1326)
  • William I, Count of Hainaut (d. 1337)
  • John Clyn, Irish chronicler

Deaths

• January 4 – Anna Komnene Doukaina, Princess of Achaea
• March 19 – Alexander III of Scotland (b. 1241)
• June 16 – Hugh de Balsham, Bishop of Ely
• July 30 – Bar Hebraeus, Syrian scholar (b. 1226)
• October 8 – John I, Duke of Brittany (b. 1217)
• November 9 – Roger Northwode, English statesman (b. 1230)
• November 22 – Eric V of Denmark (b. 1249)
• date unknown – William of Moerbeke, English Dominican classicist (b. 1215)
• date unknown – Sophia of Denmark, queen consort of Sweden (d. 1241)

References