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Municipalities of Estonia

Municipalities of Estonia
Vald (plural vallad), a rural Estonian municipality or parish leads here. For the French rapper, see Vald (rapper)

A municipality (Estonian: omavalitsus, plural omavalitsused) is the smallest administrative subdivision of Estonia. Each municipality is a unit of self-government with its representative and executive bodies. The municipalities in Estonia cover the entire territory of the country.

Municipalities in Estonia are of two types:

  • Urban municipalities or towns (linnad, singular linn)
  • Rural municipalities or parishes (vallad, singular vald).

There is no other status distinction between them.

Municipalities may contain one or several settlements. All urban municipalities plus 6 rural municipalities contain only one settlement. Of the latter six, 5 are so-called "borough-parishes", consisting of one borough, while Ruhnu Parish consists of one village.

Some municipalities are divided into districts. The 8 urban districts (linnaosad, singular linnaosa) of Tallinn have limited self-government, while other urban districts are formed for administrative purposes. Some rural districts (osavallad) have limited self-government, while other types of rural districts do not.

Municipalities range in population from Tallinn with 427,500 inhabitants to Ruhnu with 68.[1] Previously, as over two-thirds of the municipalities had a population of under 3,000, many of them found it advantageous to co-operate in providing services and carrying out administrative functions.

Currently, after the administrative reform was completed in October 2017, there are total of 79 municipalities, 15 of which are urban and 64 rural. 51 of the present municipalities were the result of mergers, 28 remain unchanged. After the reform small municipalities with under 5,000 inhabitants have been reduced from a number of 169 to 15. The number of councillors was reduced from 2,026 to 1,019. By county, the municipalities are:

Harju County

16 municipalities (4 urban, 12 rural)

Municipalities of Harju County

Urban municipalities:

Rural municipalities:

Hiiu County

1 rural municipality

Hiiumaa Parish, the only municipality of Hiiu County

Rural municipality:

  • Hiiumaa Parish (includes the town of Kärdla)

Ida-Viru County

8 municipalities (4 urban, 4 rural)

Municipalities of Ida-Viru County

Urban municipalities:

Rural municipalities:

Järva County

3 municipalities (1 urban, 2 rural)

Municipalities of Järva County

Urban municipalities:

  • Paide (includes the town of Paide)

Rural municipalities:

  • Järva Parish (includes the borough of Järva-Jaani)
  • Türi Parish (includes the town of Türi)

Jõgeva County

3 rural municipalities

Municipalities of Jõgeva County

Rural municipalities:

  • Jõgeva Parish (includes the town of Jõgeva)
  • Mustvee Parish (includes the town of Mustvee)
  • Põltsamaa Parish (includes the town of Põltsamaa)

Lääne County

3 municipalities (1 urban, 2 rural)

Municipalities of Lääne County

Urban municipality:

  • Haapsalu (includes the town of Haapsalu)

Rural municipalities:

  • Lääne-Nigula Parish
  • Vormsi Parish

Lääne-Viru County

8 municipalities (1 urban, 7 rural)

Municipalities of Lääne-Viru County

Urban municipalities:

Rural municipalities:

  • Haljala Parish
  • Kadrina Parish
  • Rakvere Parish
  • Tapa Parish (includes the towns of Tamsalu and Tapa)
  • Vinni Parish
  • Viru-Nigula Parish (includes the town of Kunda)
  • Väike-Maarja Parish

Pärnu County

7 municipalities (1 urban, 6 rural)

Municipalities of Pärnu County

Urban municipalities:

Rural municipalities:

Põlva County

3 rural municipalities

Municipalities of Põlva County

Rural municipalities:

  • Kanepi Parish
  • Põlva Parish (includes the town of Põlva)
  • Räpina Parish (includes the town of Räpina)

Rapla County

4 rural municipalities

Municipalities of Rapla County

Rural municipalities:

Saare County

3 rural municipalities

Municipalities of Saare County

Rural municipalities:

Tartu County

8 municipalities (1 urban, 7 rural)

Municipalities of Tartu County

Urban municipalities:

  • Tartu (includes the town of Tartu)

Rural municipalities:

Valga County

3 rural municipalities

Municipalities of Valga County

Rural municipalities:

Viljandi County

4 municipalities (1 urban, 3 rural)

Municipalities of Viljandi County

Urban municipality:

Rural municipalities:

Võru County

5 municipalities (1 urban, 4 rural)

Municipalities of Võru County

Urban municipality:

Rural municipalities:

  • Antsla Parish (includes the town of Antsla)
  • Rõuge Parish
  • Setomaa Parish
  • Võru Parish

Structure of local authorities

In each municipality there is a local government as well as a council.

The council (volikogu) is a representative body elected by the residents of a municipality for a term of three years. The members of the council elect a chairman (volikogu esimees), who organises the council's work and represents the municipality.

The government (valitsus) is an executive body formed by the council. It is headed by a mayor (linnapea in towns, vallavanem in parishes), who is appointed for a four-year term. The mayor cannot be the chairman of the council. Other members of the government are chosen by the mayor with the approval of the council.

Former municipalities

The list of municipalities that have merged or lost existence between 1995 and 2017.

Former municipalities (before 1990)

  • Vaoküla Parish (existed 1939–1950)

See also

References

  1. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2002-06-19. Retrieved 2002-06-19.

External links

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