Australian non-residential architectural styles are a set of Australian architectural styles that apply to buildings used for purposes other than residence and have been around only since the first colonial government buildings of early European settlement of Australia in 1788.
Their distribution follows closely the establishment and growth of the different colonies of Australia, in that the earliest colonial buildings can be found in New South Wales and Tasmania.
The following classifications are derived from Apperley, Irving and Reynolds (1989):
Old Colonial Period (1788–c. 1840)
- Old Colonial Georgian; Old Colonial Regency; Old Colonial Grecian; Old Colonial Gothic Picturesque
Georgian
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Hyde Park Barracks, Sydney. Old Colonial Georgian. Completed in 1819
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The Old Windmill, Brisbane; Completed 1824. (Brisbane's oldest building)
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The Grange, Campbell Town, Tasmania, 1847.
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Regency
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St James Old Cathedral. King Street, Melbourne; 1839-1849, resited 1914. One of Melbourne's oldest surviving buildings
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Sydney Mint. Sydney. Completed 1816. The oldest public building in Australia.
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Grecian
Gothic Picturesque
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Former Government Stables. Sydney. Completed in 1821. Example of old colonial castellated Gothic picturesque.
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Victorian period (ca. 1840–c. 1890)
15 styles all prefaced by "Victorian":
- Georgian, Regency, Egyptian, Academic Classical, Free Classical, Filigree, Mannerist, Second Empire, Italianate, Romanesque, Academic Gothic, Free Gothic, Tudor, Rustic Gothic, Carpenter Gothic
Victorian Georgian
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Fremantle Prison built 1850-57
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Court house, Albury, New South Wales, built 1860; Palladian-style
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Victorian Regency
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Old Government House. Brisbane. Completed 1862.
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Victorian Egyptian
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Obelisk at junction of Elizabeth and Bathurst Streets, Sydney
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Obelisk, Sydney, detail
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Victorian Academic Classical
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State Library of Victoria. Swanston Street, Melbourne, Victoria. Completed 1856.
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Parliament House. Spring Street, Melbourne. Completed 1856.
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Melbourne Trades Hall. Completed 1875.
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Old State Library Building, Brisbane. Completed 1879.
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Supreme Court of Victoria. Lonsdale Street, Melbourne, Victoria. Completed 1884. Features a large columned neo-classical dome.
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Parliament House. Adelaide. Completed in 1889.
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St Kilda Town Hall. St Kilda, Victoria. Completed 1890.
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Former Hibernian Hall. Swanston Street, Melbourne. Completed 1887.
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Former Baptist Church House. East Melbourne, Victoria. Completed 1863.
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Victorian Free Classical
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National Hotel, Fremantle, Western Australia; built late 1800s
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North Adelaide Congregational Church; built 1860-1872
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Railway station. Ballarat, Victoria; completed 1888;
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Fitzroy Town Hall, Fitzroy, Victoria completed 1890.
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Werribee Park Mansion. Werribee, Victoria; completed 1877;
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Customs House. Brisbane. Completed 1889. This copper domed building is one of Australia's finest Free Classical buildings.
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Sydney Trades Hall. Completed 1888.
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Victoria Hotel. Albert Park, Victoria. Completed 1888.
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Victorian Filigree
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The Regatta Hotel in Toowong, Queensland, present building constructed in 1886.
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Reid's Coffee Palace. Ballarat, Victoria. Completed 1886.
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The Sir William Wallace Hotel in Balmain, New South Wales completed 1879.
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Victorian Mannerist
Notable examples in Australia include: Culwulla Chambers (Sydney); Former Rocks Police Station (Sydney); Block Arcade (Melbourne); Stalbridge Chambers (Melbourne), National Bank Pall Mall (Bendigo); RESI Chambers (Melbourne); Lygon Buildings, Medley Hall (Carlton, Victoria); Former Money Order Post Office and Savings Bank (Melbourne); Mutual Store (Melbourne);
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Former Mutual Store. Flinders Street, Melbourne. Completed 1891
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Stalbridge Chambers. Little Collins Street, Melbourne. Completed 1891.
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Benvenuta. Carlton, Victoria. Completed 1893.
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Former Prahran Arcade. Prahran, Victoria. Completed 1889. Grand interiors and exteriors even without its Second Empire styled mansard roof.
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Lygon Buildings. Lygon Street, Carlton, Victoria. Completed 1888.
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Victorian Second Empire
Notable examples include: Sydney Town Hall (Sydney); Hotel Windsor (Melbourne); Princess Theatre (Melbourne); Former Records Office (Melbourne); Melbourne General Post Office (Melbourne); Melbourne Town Hall (Melbourne); East Melbourne Synagogue (East Melbourne, Victoria); Royal Exhibition Building (Carlton, Victoria); Collingwood Town Hall (Collingwood, Victoria); South Melbourne Town Hall (South Melbourne, Victoria); Malvern Town Hall (Malvern, Victoria); Former Rechabite Hall (Prahran, Victoria); Brunswick Town Hall (Brunswick, Victoria); Camberwell Town Hall (Camberwell, Victoria); Bendigo Town Hall (Bendigo, Victoria); Shamrock Hotel (Bendigo Victoria); Bendigo Courthouse (Bendigo, Victoria); Bendigo Post Office (Bendigo, Victoria); Institute of Technology (Bendigo, Victoria); Queensland Parliament House (Brisbane)
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Princess Theatre. Melbourne, Victoria completed 1866.
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Queensland Parliament. Brisbane. Completed 1868.
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Sydney Town Hall built 1869-89; Victorian Second Empire style
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Kew Asylum. Kew, Victoria. Completed 1871
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East Melbourne Synagogue. East Melbourne, Victoria. Completed 1877
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Royal Exhibition Building, Melbourne, completed 1880.
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South Melbourne Town Hall, South Melbourne, Victoria completed 1880.
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Hotel Windsor, Melbourne, Victoria completed 1883.
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Melbourne GPO. Completed 1887
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Former Rechabite Hall. Prahran, Victoria. Completed 1888.
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Malvern Town Hall. Malvern, Victoria. Completed 1890
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Bendigo Post Office. Bendigo, Victoria. Completed 1892
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Bendigo Court House. Bendigo, Victoria. Completed 1892
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Shamrock Hotel. Bendigo, Victoria. Completed 1897
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Grand Hotel. Healesville, Victoria
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Victorian Italianate
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Railway station, Albury, New South Wales, built 1881;
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Court house, Goulburn, New South Wales, built 1887;
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Royal Hotel, Queenscliff, Victoria
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Grand Hotel, Yarra Glen, Victoria
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Victorian Romanesque
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St Michael's Uniting Church. Melbourne, Melbourne. Completed 1866.
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Victorian Renaissance Revival
Notable examples include the NSW Department of Lands building, constructed between 1876 and 1892.[1]
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NSW Department of Lands building, in Bridge Street, Sydney.
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Victorian Academic Gothic
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St Peter's Cathedral. Adelaide. Completed 1901.
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Victorian Free Gothic
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Perth Town Hall. Completed 1870
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Former Metropolitan Gas Company Buildings; Flinders Street, Melbourne. Completed 1892; Venetian Gothic applied to a tall building
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Ormond College, Melbourne University. Completed 1881.
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Former Stock Exchange. Collins Street, Melbourne. Completed 1888.
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Former Safe Deposit Building. Collins Street, Melbourne. Completed 1890.
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ANZ Bank, Collins Street Melbourne. Completed 1883
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Old Rialto. Collins Street, Melbourne. Completed 1888
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Olderfleet Buildings. Collins Street, Melbourne. Completed 1888
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St George's Presbyterian Church. East St Kilda. Completed 1880
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Victoria Brewery. East Melbourne, Victoria. Completed 1882.
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Victorian Tudor (Jacobethan)
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Government House. Sydney. Completed 1843.
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Old Arts Building, University of Melbourne. Completed 1857.
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Main Quadrangle, University of Sydney. Completed 1862.
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Government House. Perth. Completed in 1864.
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The Barracks Arch. Perth. Completed in 1863.
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HM Prison Pentridge. Coburg, Victoria. Completed in 1864
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Victorian Rustic Gothic
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St Mark's Rectory, Darling Point, Sydney
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Greycliffe House, Nielsen Park, Sydney
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Victorian Carpenter Gothic
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Christ the King church. Graceville, Queensland
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Edwardian period (ca. 1890s–1910
Edwardian architecture is generally less ornate than high or late Victorian architecture,[2] apart from a subset - used for major buildings - known as Edwardian Baroque architecture.
Edwardian Baroque
Notable examples include the Lands Administration Building in Brisbane, the Queen Victoria Hospital, Melbourne (main pavilion, now Queen Victoria Women's Centre), the Commonwealth Offices, Treasury Place, Melbourne, the Central railway station in Sydney, the Department of Education building in Sydney (1912)[3] and the General Post Office in Hobart.
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Department of Education building, Sydney.
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Federation Period (c. 1890–c. 1915)
12 styles, each style name prefaced by "Federation":
- Academic Classical, Free Classical, Filigree, Anglo-Dutch, Romanesque, Gothic, Carpenter Gothic, Warehouse, Queen Anne, Free Style, Arts and Crafts, Bungalow
Federation Academic Classical
Federation Free Classical
Notable examples include: Sydney Hospital (Sydney); Taronga Zoo Pavilion (Sydney); Sydney Central Station (Sydney); Flinders Street Station (Melbourne); Sacred Heart Church (St Kilda, Victoria); Read's Emporium (Prahran, Victoria); Old Royal Hotel (Williamstown, Victoria); Former Queensland Lands Administration Building (Brisbane)
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Flinders Street Station, Melbourne, completed 1910
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Former Read's Emporium. Prahran, Victoria. Free Classical, completed 1914
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Old Royal Hotel. Williamstown, Victoria. Free classical with arts and crafts influences
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Sydney Central Station, Surry Hills, New South Wales, completed 1906
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Sacred Heart Church, St Kilda, Victoriacompleted 1891
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Former Queensland Lands Administration Building, Brisbane, completed 1905
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Sydney Hospital, completed 1894
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Queen Victoria Hospital, completed 1912
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Federation Second Empire
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Former Records Office. Queen Street, Melbourne. Completed 1900.
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Town Hall Administration Buildings. Swanston Street, Melbourne. Completed 1908.
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Federation Filigree
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Salvation Army Building, Brisbane, Queensland
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Federation Anglo-Dutch
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City of Melbourne Buildings. Elizabeth Street, Melbourne. Completed 1888. A very early example of the style.
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University of Melbourne main buildings. Carlton, Victoria. Completed 1888.
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Prahran Market. Prahran, Victoria. Completed 1891. Early Anglo-Dutch.
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St Nicholas Hospital buildings. Carlton, Victoria.
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Eastern Hill Fire Station. East Melbourne, Victoria. Completed 1893.
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Winfield Building. Collins Street, Melbourne. Also demonstrates Queen Anne traits. Completed 1891.
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Perseverance Hotel. Fitzroy, Victoria.
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Federation Romanesque
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Queen Victoria Building, Sydney. Completed 1898.
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Old Museum Building. Brisbane, Queensland. Completed 1891
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Bairnsdale Court House. Bairnsdale, Victoria. Completed 1893.
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Perth Mint. Perth. Completed in 1899.
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Fremantle Markets, Fremantle, Western Australia. Completed in 1902.
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St Mary's Roman Catholic Church. Bairnsdale, Victoria. Completed in 1913
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Our Lady of the Victories Basilica. Camberwell, Victoria. Completed in 1918.
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Federation Gothic
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A.C Goode House. Collins Street, Melbourne. Completed 1891.
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Camperdown Memorial Clock Tower. Camperdown, Victoria. Completed 1897.
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Sacred Heart Cathedral. Bendigo, Victoria. Built 1896.
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RMIT Building 4, Swanston Street, Melbourne, Melbourne. Completed 1904.
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Federation Carpenter Gothic
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The Uniting Church at Narooma, New South Wales built 1914
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St Mary's Church, Townsville, Queensland
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Federation Warehouse
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The Big Store. Prahran, Victoria. Completed 1902, an early and exuberant example of the style.
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Federation Queen Anne
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The Austral Buildings, Collins Street, Melbourne. Completed 1891. Queen Anne style.
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Professional Chambers. Collins Street, Melbourne. Completed 1908. Queen Anne style
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Federation Free Style
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Former Mechanics Institute. Prahran, Victoria. Freestyle
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Provincial Hotel. Ballarat, Victoria. Completed 1909. A fanciful freestyle composition with art nouveau elements
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Dimmey's. Cremorne, Victoria
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Federation Arts and Crafts
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Victorian Artists Society, Albert Street, East Melbourne, Victoria
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Fire Station, Glebe, Sydney (designed by Walter Liberty Vernon)
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Former Post & Telegraph Offices. Windsor, Victoria.
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Federation Bungalow
Inter-War Period (c. 1915–c. 1940)
16 styles, each style name prefaced by "Inter-War":
- Georgian Revival, Academic Classical, Free Classical, Beaux-Arts, Stripped Classical, Commercial Palazzo, Mediterranean, Spanish Mission, Chicagoesque, Functionalist & Modern, Art-Deco, Skyscraper Gothic, Romanesque, Interwar Gothic, Old English, California Bungalow
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Deepwater's Eclipse Theatre, NSW, 2009.
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Federation Georgian Revival
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Albert Hall, Canberra, opened 1928;
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Elizabeth Murdoch Building, Victorian College of the Arts. Melbourne
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Federation Academic Classical
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Brisbane City Hall. Opened 1930.
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Shrine of Remembrance. Brisbane. Completed 1930.
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Shrine of Remembrance. Melbourne. Completed 1934.
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Federation Free Classical
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CML Building, Geelong. Completed 1923.
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Federation Beaux Arts
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Former Melbourne Mail Exchange (1917). Bourke Street, Melbourne
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Former Port Authority Building. Market Street, Melbourne
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National Theatre. St Kilda, Victoria. Completed 1920.
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Herald and Weekly Times Building. Flinders Street, Melbourne
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Argus Building. LaTrobe Street, Melbourne. Completed 1927. Features large giant order columns with Egyptian decorative motifs
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GPO building, Forrest Place, Perth. Completed 1923.
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Commonwealth Bank building, Forrest Place, Perth. Completed 1933.
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Federation Stripped Classical
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Old Parliament House, Canberra, designed by John Smith Murdoch, opened 1927;
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T&G building in Geelong, Victoria, opened 1933;
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Wyvern House, Newington College, designed by Alfred Warden, opened 1938;
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AMP building in Albury, New South Wales;
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Town Hall in Petersham, New South Wales, designed by Rudder & Grout in 1938;
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Rockdale Town Hall New South Wales, designed by Douglas Gardiner in 1940.
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Federation Commercial Palazzo
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Westpac Bank building. 33 Queen Street, Brisbane. Completed 1920.
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London Stores. Elizabeth Street, Melbourne. Completed 1922.
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Temple Court. Collins Street, Melbourne. Completed 1924.
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Nicholas Building. Swanston Street, Melbourne. Completed 1925.
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Former AMP Building. Collins Street, Melbourne. Completed 1927.
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MacArthur Central. cnr Queen and Edward Streets, Brisbane. Completed 1934.
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Federation Mediterranean
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Sydney and Melbourne buildings, City Centre, Australian Capital Territory; commenced building 1920s
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St Kilda Sea Baths. St Kilda, Victoria
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Markets. West End, Queensland.
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Federation Art Deco
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Australian War Memorial; building completed 1941; Byzantine architecture style with strong styling elements of art deco throughout
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Palais Theatre, Melbourne; completed 1927; Strong Byzantine influences
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Elmslea Chambers, Goulburn, New South Wales; built 1933; it was one of the first buildings in Australia to use Glazed architectural terra-cotta in its façade
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Forgan Smith Buildings and Great Court. University of Queensland. Completed 1927.
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ANZAC War Memorial. Sydney. Completed 1934.
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Art Deco office building. Lonsdale Street, Melbourne. Obvious influences of North American skyscraper planning.
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Alkira House. Queen Street, Melbourne. One of the most striking Glazed architectural terra-cotta and glass brick clad Art Deco buildings in Australia
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Federation Skyscraper Gothic
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Victoria Hotel on Little Collins Street, Melbourne
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Grace Building, Sydney.
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Manchester Unity Building. Collins Street, Melbourne
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Former Sun building, Elizabeth Street, Sydney
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Former Sun building
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Federation Chicagoesque
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Capitol Theatre, opened 1924; Swanston Street, Melbourne
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Former Masonic Club. Flinders Street, Melbourne
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Powerhouse. Brisbane
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Love and Lewis building. Prahran, Victoria. Completed 1928.
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Dovers Building, by Hugh Ralston Crawford completed 1908.
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Federation Functionalist & Moderne
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Lonsdale House. Lonsdale Street, Melbourne. Architect IG Anderson. Completed 1937. Demolished 2010.
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Presgrave Building. Little Collins Street, Melbourne. Completed 1938.
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Former Victoria carpark. Little Collins Street, Melbourne. Completed 1939. Melbourne's oldest multi-storey carpark in the streamline moderne style.
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Hastings Deering. Crown Street, Woolloomooloo, New South Wales. Architects Lipson & Kaad. Completed 1938. Refurbished 2013.
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Federation Interwar Gothic
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Newman College, Melbourne (gallery) opened 1918
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Montsalvat artists colony (Great Hall). Eltham, Victoria. Re-uses architectural elements from demolished Collins Street buildings. Completed 1938.
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Federation Old English (20th Century Tudorbethan)
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London Court shopping complex in Perth, Western Australia
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Shopfront in Toorak, Victoria
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A mock Tudor row on Commercial Road, South Yarra, Victoria
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Federation Functionalist & Moderne
The functionist and moderne style often used combinations of blonde and brown bricks in linear vertical or horizontal patterns. Notable examples include: Museum of Contemporary Art (Sydney); Captain's Flat Hotel (NSW); Russell Street Police Headquarters (Melbourne); Astor Theatre (St Kilda, Victoria); Ballarat Law Courts (Ballarat);
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Hotel at Captains Flat, New South Wales built 1938; Functionalist
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Heidelberg Town Hall, Heidelberg, Victoria; built 1937; a fine example of interwar brick moderne
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Former Police Headquarters, Russell Street, Melbourne; built 1940; an example of interwar brick moderne heavily influenced by North American skyscrapers
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The Astor Theatre, St Kilda, Victoria; built 1937
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Law Courts, Ballarat, Victoria
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Post-War Period (c. 1940–1960)
5 styles, each style name prefaced by "Post-War":
- Ecclesiastical, International, Modern
Ecclesiastical
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St Marys Anglican Church, South Perth, Western Australia built 1957
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International
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ICI House. East Melbourne, Victoria; Completed 1958. Early curtain wall glass buildings and tallest in Australia when completed.
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Modern
Late Twentieth-Century Period 1960–2000
14 styles, each style name prefaced by "Late Twentieth Century":
- Stripped Classical, Ecclesiastical, International, Organic, Brutalist, Structuralist, Late Modern, Post Modern, Immigrants' Nostalgic
Stripped Classical
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National Library of Australia, Canberra; completed 1964.
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Dallas Brooks Hall, East Melbourne, Victoria; completed 1969.
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Ecclesiastical
International
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Australia Square, Sydney. Completed 1967. An iconic office building.
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Optus Centre, Melbourne. Completed 1975.
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MLC Centre, Sydney. Completed 1977.
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Edmund Barton Building, Canberra. Completed 1974
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Organic
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Parliament House, Canberra. A mixture of Organic and contemporary stripped classical elements. Completed 1988.
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Brutalist
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High Court of Australia. Canberra. Completed in 1980.
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National Gallery of Victoria. St Kilda Road, Melbourne. Completed in 1962.
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Queensland Performing Arts Complex. South Brisbane, Queensland. Completed 1985
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AAPT Centre (formerly QANTAS). Sydney. Completed 1982
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Law Courts. Brisbane. Completed 1976-77
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10 Murray Street. Hobart. Completed 1969
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Structuralist
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Sydney Opera House is often difficult to classify. Completed 1973.
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The Australian Academy of Science building, named the "Shine Dome", Canberra, designed by Roy Grounds, completed 1959
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Sidney Myer Music Bowl. Melbourne. Completed 1959. One of the earliest examples of a tensile structure
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Lexus Centre (former Olympic Pool). Melbourne. Completed 1956.
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Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre. Completed 1995. Complex load bearing hyperbolic paraboloid roof design, a precursor to 21st Century structuralism.
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Late Modern
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200 Queen Street. Melbourne. Completed in 1983. Curved mirror glass skyscraper.
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Rialto Towers, Melbourne; completed 1986. Australia's best example of a mirror glass corporate skyscraper
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Waterfront Place, Brisbane. Completed 1989.
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Governor Phillip Tower, Sydney. Completed 1994.
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Post Modern
A subset of postmodernism is mock-historicism tries to imitate historic styles using modern materials to the point where it is difficult to tell them apart from historic buildings. The most imitated styles are those that are easiest to clone (including the Georgian style).
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Paddy's Markets redevelopment (completed 1976). Haymarket, New South Wales. Tower is reflective of the building style
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The Jam Factory redevelopment (completed 1979). Chapel Street, South Yarra, Victoria. Completed in 1979. Feature mock historical elements juxtaposted with old factory
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Former Australian Stock Exchange (completed 1990). Collins Street, Melbourne. Features a classical inspired podium base and Georgian inspired pyramid roof.
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120 Collins Street (completed 1991). Collins Street, Melbourne. Evocative of an interwarNorth American skyscraper.
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Chifley Tower (completed 1992). Sydney. Inspired by interwar North American skyscraper
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Hotel Grand Chancellor (completed 1993). Launceston, Tasmania. Mock historic composition of Georgian and Second Empire styles.
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RMIT Building 8 (completed 1993). Swanston Street, Melbourne. Uses novel decorative elements and references to pop-culture.
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Boundary Street retail buildings (completed 1999). West End, Queensland. A cartoonish take on Victorian Mannerism.
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Westin Hotel (completed 2000). Collins Street, Melbourne. Evocative of the Second Empire.
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Apartments (completed 2001). Port Melbourne, Victoria evocative of the Second Empire.
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Deconstructivist
Notable examples include Green Building RMIT; Deakin University main building; Australian Centre for Contemporary Art; Gottlieb House (Melbourne)
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Storey Hall (The Green Building). RMIT. Swanston Street, Melbourne. Completed 1994. One of the earliest examples of Deconstructivist design in Australia.
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450 Swan Street. Completed 1995. Deconstructivist form integrates an old bank with new offices.
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Immigrant's Nostalgic
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Auburn Gallipoli Mosque. Auburn, New South Wales. Completed in 1999
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21st-century architecture
Several new and continued 20th-century styles, all prefaced with "21st-century" - Deconstructivist, Post modern, Structuralist, Sustainable, Modern
Deconstructivist
Notable examples include Fed Square; Shrine of Remembrance crypt; Sofo House (Melbourne) Swan Bells (Perth)
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Swan Bells. Perth. Completed in 2000.
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Federation Square. Melbourne. Completed 2002.
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Australian Centre for Contemporary Art. Southbank, Victoria. Completed 2002
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Post Modern
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National Museum of Australia. Completed 2001.
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Port 1010 building at the Digital Harbour precinct, Melbourne Docklands. Completed 2008.
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Structuralist
Advanced structuralism facilitated by Computer Aided Design
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Telstra Dome. Melbourne; completed 2000.
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Southern Cross Station, Melbourne; completed 2006.
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Carousel Pavilion, Geelong; completed 2006.
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Sustainable
Notable examples in Australia include: 60L (Melbourne); CH2 (Melbourne); K2 Apartments (Windsor, Victoria); Dunc Gray Velodrome (Sydney); Forest EcoCentre (Tasmania); Rozak House (Noonamah, Northern Territory).
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K2 Apartments. Windsor, Victoria. Completed 2006. Highly visible solar panels, prominent natural ventilators and use of natural materials.
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Council House 2. Little Collins Street, Melbourne. Completed 2006. World's first 6 star green rating building features louvered facade, natural and recycled materials, solar panels and thermal mass cooling.
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Dunc Gray Veledrome. Sydney, New South Wales
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Green building
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One Central Park, Sydney
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Modern
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Victoria Point, Melbourne Docklands; completed 2005.
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Freshwater Place, Southbank, Victoria; completed 2006.
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Eureka Tower, Southbank, Victoria; completed 2006.
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Brisbane Square. Brisbane; completed 2006.
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Queensland Gallery of Modern Art. Brisbane; completed 2008.
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See also
References
- ^ "Lands Department Building". NSW State Heritage Register. Office of Environment & Heritage, Government of New South Wales. 3 November 2006. Retrieved 29 December 2016.
- ^ "Bricks & Brass: Edwardian Style". Bricksandbrass.co.uk. Retrieved 2016-10-25.
- ^ "Department of Education Building". NSW State Heritage Register. Office of Environment & Heritage, Government of New South Wales. 9 February 2015. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
- Apperly, Richard; Robert Irving; Peter Reynolds (1989). A pictorial guide to identifying Australian architecture (Paperback, 1994 ed.). Sydney, Australia: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-207-18562-5.
- Ulrike Laule, Rolf Toman, Achim Bednorz - Architecture of the Middle Ages - Background to the Gothic Revival style.
- George Wilkie - Building Your Own Home - Section on Architectural Styles
- http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.geocities.com/asiedydd/styles.htm&date=2009-10-25+12:44:01
- http://www.canberrahouse.com.au/organic.html
- http://www.canterburycommons.net/index.php?title=Research_Guide_1:_Buildings#Key_Architectural_Styles
- sydneyarchitecture.com Chronology of Styles in Australian Architecture- http://www.sydneyarchitecture.com/STYLES/search-style.htm
External links
- Photo of St Paul's Cathedral taken from the steps of Flinders Street Station
Media related to Sydney Architecture at Wikimedia Commons
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