| Wehrle's salamander | |
|---|---|
) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Urodela |
| Family: | Plethodontidae |
| Subfamily: | Plethodontinae |
| Genus: | Plethodon |
| Species: | P. wehrlei |
| Binomial name | |
| Plethodon wehrlei Fowler and Dunn, 1917 | |
Wehrle's salamander (Plethodon wehrlei ) is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the Eastern United States.[1][2] It is named in honor of Richard White Wehrle (1852–1937), a jeweler, naturalist, and collector of the holotype.[3]
Geographic range
Wehrle's salamander ranges from New York south to Virginia.[1][2][4] Populations in southwestern Virginia and northwestern North Carolina were reclassified as a distinct species, the Blacksburg salamander (P. jacksoni), which has been reaffirmed by a study published in 2019. An isolated cave-dwelling population in Virginia was also reclassified as distinct species, the Dixie Cavern salamander (P. dixi), also reaffirmed by a study published in 2019. The population on the Cumberland Plateau, formerly considered a yellow-spotted color morph, is now considered a new species, the yellow-spotted woodland salamander (P. pauleyi), which was described during the 2019 study.[4]
Description
It is bluish-black with big, scattered white spots on its back. Its sides are covered with white to yellow spots and blotches. Its belly and the ventral surface of the tail are solid gray, and the throat and upper chest usually have white or yellowish blotches.[5] The species grows to a length of 10 to 17 centimeters (3.9 to 6.7 in).
Reproduction
Mating occurs from fall through spring. A large cluster of eggs is laid in early summer in damp logs, soils or moss, and in crevices in caves. Reproduction is biennial or irregular, with many mature females failing to breed each year.
Behavior and habitat
This species stays under cover during the day, and comes out to forage at night. This species is found on forested hillsides in the Appalachian Plateau, where it hides by day beneath stones or rocks. It is also found at the entrances of caves and deep rock crevices, as well as burrows under rocks and logs.
References
- ^ a b c IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2014). "Plethodon wehrlei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T59362A56286906. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T59362A56286906.en.
- ^ a b Frost, Darrel R. (2019). "Plethodon wehrlei Fowler and Dunn, 1917". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
- ^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael & Grayson, Michael (2013). The Eponym Dictionary of Amphibians. Pelagic Publishing. p. 229. ISBN 978-1-907807-42-8.
- ^ a b Camp, Carlos D.; Pierson, Todd W.; Wooten, Jessica A.; Felix, Zachary I. (2019-05-24). "Re-evaluation of the Wehrle's salamander ( Plethodon wehrlei Fowler and Dunn) species group (Caudata: Plethodontidae) using genomic data, with the description of a new species". Zootaxa. 4609 (3): 429–448. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4609.3.2. ISSN 1175-5334.
- ^ Conant, Roger. 1975. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, Second Edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
- Fowler, Henry W., and Emmett Reid Dunn. 1917. "Notes on salamanders". Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 69: 7-28.