In the education system of New Zealand, a wānanga is a publicly-owned tertiary institution that provides education in a Māori cultural context. Section 162 of the New Zealand Education Act of 1989 specifies that wānanga resemble mainstream universities in many ways but expects them to be:
- "... characterised by teaching and research that maintains, advances, and disseminates knowledge and develops intellectual independence, and assists the application of knowledge regarding ahuatanga Maori (Maori tradition) according to tikanga Maori (Maori custom)."[1]
Wānanga educational programmes, accredited through the New Zealand Qualifications Authority (NZQA) and through the Ministry of Education, are partly governed by New Zealand's Tertiary Education Commission (TEC). Wānanga offer certificates, diplomas, and bachelor-level degrees, with some wānanga providing programmes in specialized areas up to doctorate level.[2]
Outside the 21st-century formal education system, the word wānanga in the Māori language traditionally conveys meanings related to highly evolved knowledge, lore, occult arts,[3] and also "forum" - in the sense of a discussion to arrive at deeper understanding.
The term "Whare Wānanga" is also widely used in the Māori names of New Zealand universities (e.g., Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato/University of Waikato).
Recognised wānanga
- Te Wānanga o Aotearoa, founded in the 1980s, operating nationwide and headquartered in Te Awamutu
- Te Wānanga o Raukawa, founded in the 1980s and based in Ōtaki
- Te Whare Wānanga o Awanuiārangi, founded in 1991 and based in Whakatāne
See also
- Tribal colleges and universities – United States
References
- ^ section 162 4 b iv of the Education Act 1989
- ^ "Doctoral Degrees". Retrieved 21 November 2018.
- ^ Best, Elsdon (1934). "The Whare Wananga". The Maori As He Was : A Brief Account of Life as it Was in Pre-European Days. Wellington: Dominion Museum. Retrieved 7 February 2020.