Sukma Games

Sukma Games

Sukma Games logo
First event	1986 Sukma Games in Kuala Lumpur
Occur every	two years
Last event	2018 Sukma Games in Perak
Purpose	Multi-sport event for states in Malaysia
Website	National Sports Council of Malaysia

The Sukma Games (Malay: Sukan Malaysia, lit.: Malaysian Games) is a biennial national multi-sport event involving young athletes from Malaysian 13 member states and the Federal territory. The games is regulated by the National Sports Council of Malaysia, the state sports council of the respective member states, the Olympic Council of Malaysia and the National Sports association of the games respective sporting event.^[1][2][3]

History

The Sukma Games was conceptualised by the then Minister of Culture, Youth and Sports, Anwar Ibrahim in 1983. The proposed rationale was that a national games will help improve the sports quality, produces and encourages athletes to participate in sports at state level, improve officials performance, encourages the building of new venues and upgrading of existing sport venues at state level and cultivate national integration spirit among Malaysian community. At first, the inaugural games was proposed to be held from 15 August to 2 September 1985 and consist of 6 sports such as tennis, table tennis, cycling, athletics, sepak takraw and volleyball.^[1] However, a new proposal to involve more sport was submitted by the public to the National Sports Council of Malaysia, which accept the proposal and made the decision to be held the games every two years begins 1986 onwards and alternate with the Southeast Asian Games.

The first Sukma Games were held in Kuala Lumpur from 19–26 April 1986 participated by more than 3849 athletes from 13 States of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur Federal Territory, The Malaysian Universities Sports Council (MASUM), Royal Malaysian Police and the Malaysian Armed Forces (ATM). The third edition was held in Sarawak in 1990, making it the first time the Sukma Games was held in the state and also the first time in East Malaysia.

At the 6th Sukma Games in Pahang in 1996, Brunei, Labuan and the Malaysian Schools Sports Council (MSSM) made their debut, while the Malaysian Armed Forces ceased to participate and the Northern Territory of Australia only participates at the 9th Sukma Games in Sabah in 2002. At the 10th Sukma Games in 2004 in Negeri Sembilan, both the Schools Sports Council and Universities Sports Council ceased to participate while at the 11th edition in Kedah in 2006, both Kuala Lumpur and Labuan team merged to form the Federal Territory team following the administration merger of Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and the Putrajaya while the Police participates at the games for the last time.

A decision was made by the National Sports Council on 27 May 2010 to hold the games annually from 2011 onwards in an effort to develop and democratise all sports including optional sports in the country. The odd year games was held in Kuala Lumpur by the National Sports Council and involve only optional sports, while the even year games was held in member states of the country and involve only core sports. The odd year games was however abolished by the council in 2015, citing fully packed state sports agenda and high cost for state sport councils to fund a Sukma Games contingent every year.^{[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]}

Participating teams

^[12]

Notes:

1. ^ Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya participated as a combined Federal Territory contingent since 2006. Given Putrajaya's small area and population, the Putrajaya contingent was never formed throughout Sukma Games history.
2. ^ No longer participated in the games (historical team)
3. ^ Not from within Malaysia.
4. ^ Malaysian Universities Sports Council (Malay: Majlis Sukan Universiti Malaysia, abbreviated as MASUM)
5. ^ Malaysian Schools Sports Council (Malay: Majlis Sukan Sekolah-sekolah Malaysia, abbreviated as MSSM)
6. ^ Royal Malaysian Police (Malay: Polis Diraja Malaysia, abbreviated as PDRM)
7. ^ Malaysian Armed Forces (Malay: Angkatan Tentera Malaysia, abbreviated as ATM)

Sports

The list below shows the sports that are played at all the Sukma Games since 1986.^[13][14]

Core sports

Optional sports

All-time medal table

Below shows the all time medal table of Sukma Games from 1986 to 2018. Defunct teams are highlighted in italics.

Sukma Games all-time medal table

Rank	State	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Selangor	800	786	887	2473
2	Sarawak	711	649	705	2065
3	Perak	443	467	616	1526
4	Terengganu	438	446	573	1457
5	Pahang	416	391	439	1246
6	Penang	415	425	551	1391
7	Johor	353	373	506	1232
8	Sabah	310	367	488	1165
9	Federal Territory	303	316	387	1006
10	Kuala Lumpur	274	276	279	829
11	Kedah	273	252	367	892
12	Negeri Sembilan	241	242	346	829
13	Malacca	210	211	278	699
14	Kelantan	139	150	193	482
15	Perlis	67	71	153	291
16	Police	31	36	45	112
17	Universities	17	17	15	49
18	Armed Forces	12	27	39	78
19	Brunei	5	15	33	53
20	Labuan	2	2	10	14
21	Schools	2	2	9	13
22	Northern Territory	1	0	1	2
Totals (22 states)		5463	5521	6920	17904

Medal table by edition

1986 Sukma Games

  *   Host nation (Kuala Lumpur)

1986 Sukma Games medal table

Rank	State	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Kuala Lumpur*	36	32	22	90
2	Selangor	23	14	14	51
3	Sarawak	13	8	14	35
4	Perak	10	15	17	42
5	Penang	9	20	21	50
6	Sabah	9	8	8	25
7	Police	9	4	7	20
8	Johor	6	5	6	17
9	Kedah	5	5	11	21
10	Armed Forces	2	8	11	21
11	Malacca	2	1	5	8
12	Terengganu	2	1	4	7
13	Pahang	1	4	6	11
14	Negeri Sembilan	0	1	4	5
15	Kelantan	0	1	1	2
16	Perlis	0	0	1	1
17	Universities	0	0	0	0
Totals (17 states)		127	127	152	406

1988 Sukma Games

  *   Host nation ( Kuala Lumpur)

1988 Sukma Games medal table

Rank	State	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Selangor	26	17	29	72
2	Sarawak	24	18	15	57
3	Penang	19	14	15	48
4	Kuala Lumpur*	12	12	22	46
5	Negeri Sembilan	10	6	5	21
6	Johor	9	3	9	21
7	Kedah	6	6	8	20
8	Police	6	3	5	14
9	Malacca	5	7	4	16
10	Sabah	4	12	8	24
11	Universities	4	4	8	16
12	Perak	3	20	21	44
13	Terengganu	2	2	4	8
14	Kelantan	1	3	7	11
15	Pahang	1	1	5	7
16	Perlis	1	0	5	6
17	Armed Forces	0	1	1	2
Totals (17 states)		133	129	171	433

1990 Sukma Games

  *   Host nation (Sarawak)

1990 Sukma Games medal table

Rank	State	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Sarawak*	44	17	18	79
2	Kuala Lumpur	19	20	18	57
3	Penang	17	22	24	63
4	Perak	12	16	22	50
5	Selangor	11	18	34	63
6	Negeri Sembilan	7	4	4	15
7	Sabah	5	4	10	19
8	Malacca	4	6	6	16
9	Police	4	4	2	10
	Terengganu	4	4	2	10
11	Kedah	2	7	6	15
12	Johor	2	5	12	19
13	Kelantan	2	2	3	7
14	Perlis	1	0	7	8
15	Pahang	0	2	5	7
16	Universities	0	2	1	3
17	Armed Forces	0	1	2	3
Totals (17 states)		134	134	176	444

1992 Sukma Games

  *   Host nation (Johor)

1992 Sukma Games medal table

Rank	State	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Sarawak	36	27	26	89
2	Johor*	26	21	22	69
3	Selangor	23	25	41	89
4	Penang	22	28	22	72
5	Kuala Lumpur	22	23	32	77
6	Perak	18	10	21	49
7	Sabah	9	16	13	38
8	Malacca	7	6	12	25
9	Kedah	6	7	8	21
10	Negeri Sembilan	6	5	3	14
11	Armed Forces	5	5	18	28
12	Pahang	5	5	8	18
13	Universities	4	5	2	11
14	Kelantan	3	9	12	24
15	Terengganu	3	4	10	17
16	Police	2	1	5	8
17	Perlis	2	0	0	2
Totals (17 states)		199	197	255	651

1994 Sukma Games

  *   Host nation (Perak)

1994 Sukma Games medal table

Rank	State	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Sarawak	39	28	30	97
2	Kuala Lumpur	31	39	26	96
3	Selangor	28	41	33	102
4	Perak*	26	26	25	77
5	Pahang	21	16	20	57
6	Sabah	19	14	14	47
7	Johor	17	13	22	52
8	Penang	13	12	24	49
9	Kedah	8	5	20	33
10	Kelantan	6	6	10	22
11	Armed Forces	5	12	7	24
12	Terengganu	5	3	7	15
13	Negeri Sembilan	4	2	4	10
14	Malacca	4	1	10	15
15	Police	3	8	2	13
16	Perlis	1	0	8	9
17	Universities	0	2	1	3
Totals (17 states)		230	228	263	721

1996 Sukma Games

  *   Host nation (Pahang*)

1996 Sukma Games medal table

Rank	State	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Selangor	57	43	44	144
2	Sarawak	56	49	52	157
3	Pahang**	37	42	44	123
4	Kuala Lumpur	34	27	32	93
5	Perak	22	25	28	75
6	Sabah	20	19	22	61
7	Terengganu	8	16	15	39
8	Kelantan	8	11	11	30
9	Kedah	8	6	18	32
10	Negeri Sembilan	6	4	10	20
11	Penang	5	10	10	25
12	Malacca	5	9	11	25
13	Universities	4	0	0	4
14	Johor	2	7	17	26
15	Perlis	2	2	4	8
16	Police	1	3	8	12
17	Brunei	1	1	0	2
18	Schools	1	0	2	3
19	Labuan	0	0	0	0
Totals (19 states)		277	274	328	879

1998 Sukma Games

  *   Host nation (Selangor)

1998 Sukma Games medal table

Rank	State	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Selangor*	80	61	41	182
2	Sarawak	46	45	41	132
3	Perak	25	25	37	87
4	Kuala Lumpur	23	25	26	74
5	Pahang	21	29	36	86
6	Penang	12	5	23	40
7	Terengganu	11	14	15	40
8	Sabah	11	10	12	33
9	Kelantan	11	9	10	30
10	Kedah	8	13	15	36
11	Johor	7	7	16	30
12	Negeri Sembilan	4	8	13	25
13	Malacca	4	8	11	23
14	Perlis	1	2	3	6
15	Labuan	0	0	2	2
	Schools	0	0	2	2
Totals (16 states)		264	261	303	828

2000 Sukma Games

  *   Host state (Penang)

2000 Sukma Games medal table

Rank	State	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Selangor	53	56	54	163
2	Sarawak	49	55	56	160
3	Perak	46	37	40	123
4	Penang*	34	26	36	96
5	Kuala Lumpur	33	32	30	95
6	Pahang	27	26	35	88
7	Johor	20	17	31	68
8	Kedah	17	15	21	53
9	Sabah	12	11	18	41
10	Negeri Sembilan	12	10	13	35
11	Kelantan	8	12	15	35
12	Malacca	7	10	14	31
13	Terengganu	6	4	8	18
14	Perlis	4	5	5	14
15	Universities	3	3	2	8
16	Schools	1	1	3	5
17	Brunei	0	1	3	4
	Police	0	1	3	4
19	Labuan	0	0	0	0
Totals (19 states)		332	322	387	1041

Edition

2014

1986, 1988, 2011, 2013

1990, 2016

1992, 2020

1994, 2018

1996, 2012

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

Host cities of the games through 2018

All states of Malaysia have held their respective Sukma Games, except Kelantan.^[16][17][18] The 2020 Sukma Games was postponed to 2021 due to COVID-19 pandemic.

Edition	Year	Host	Main Stadium	Start Date	End Date	Sports	Events	Contingents	Competitors	Champion
I	1986	Kuala Lumpur	Merdeka Stadium, Kuala Lumpur	19 April	26 April			17		Kuala Lumpur (1)
II	1988	Kuala Lumpur	Stadium Negara, Kuala Lumpur	12 November	19 November			17		Selangor (1)
III	1990	Sarawak	Sarawak State Stadium, Kuching	18 July	27 July			17		Sarawak (1)
IV	1992	Johor	Tan Sri Dato Haji Hassan Yunos Stadium, Johor Bahru	1 July	11 July			17		Sarawak (2)
V	1994	Perak	Perak Stadium, Ipoh	9 June	18 June			17		Sarawak (3)
VI	1996	Pahang	Darul Makmur Stadium, Kuantan	1 June	10 June			19		Selangor (2)
VII	1998	Selangor	Opening ceremony Shah Alam Stadium Closing ceremony Malawati Indoor Stadium	17 April	26 April			16		Selangor (3)
VIII	2000	Penang	Batu Kawan Stadium, Batu Kawan	25 May	4 June	30		19	5875	Selangor (4)[19]
IX	2002	Sabah	Likas Stadium, Kota Kinabalu	7 September	14 September	27		20	5324	Selangor (5)
X	2004	Negeri Sembilan	Tuanku Abdul Rahman Stadium, Seremban	29 May	6 June	30		17	6000	Selangor (6)
XI	2006	Kedah	Darul Aman Stadium, Alor Star	28 May	4 June	26		16	4882	Selangor (7)
XII	2008	Terengganu	Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin Stadium, Kuala Terengganu	31 May	9 June	31		15	6000	Terengganu (1)
XIII	2010	Malacca	Hang Jebat Stadium, Paya Rumput	10 June	19 June	33		15	7000	Terengganu (2)
XIV	2011	Federal Territory	KLFA Stadium, Kuala Lumpur	2 June	12 June	24		14	3368	Terengganu (3)
XV	2012	Pahang	Darul Makmur Stadium, Kuantan	9 July	16 July	24		15	5828	Terengganu (4)
XVI	2013	Federal Territory	Bukit Jalil National Stadium, Kuala Lumpur	28 June	7 July	23	130	14	3618	Selangor (8)
XVII	2014	Perlis	Tuanku Syed Putra Stadium, Kangar	24 May	4 June	24	389	15	7815	Federal Territory (2)
XVIII	2016	Sarawak	Sarawak Stadium, Kuching	23 July	31 July	24	382	15	5670	Selangor (9)
XIX	2018	Perak[20]	Perak Stadium, Ipoh	11 September	22 September	29	427	15	7464	Terengganu (5)
XX	2020	Johor[20]	Tan Sri Dato Haji Hassan Yunos Stadium, Johor Bahru (expected)	Future event
XXII	2022	Kelantan	Sultan Muhammad IV Stadium, Kota Bharu (expected)	Future event

List of the Sukma Games' Sportsman and Sportswoman

^[21][22]

Edition	Year	Sukma Games' Sportsman			Sukma Games' Sportswoman
		Name	Contingent	Sport	Name	Contingent	Sport
I	1986
II	1988
III	1990	Gerard Liew	Penang	Swimming	Tania Hamid Bugo	Sarawak	Swimming
IV	1992	Khoo Kah Hock	MASUM	Archery	Magdaline Goh	Penang	Swimming
		Azmi Ibrahim (Most Promising Sportsman)	Pahang	Athletics	Shalin Zulkifli (Most Promising Sportswoman)	Selangor	Bowling
V	1994	Azmi Ibrahim	Pahang	Athletics	Yew Chai Peng	Perak	Athletics
VI	1996
VII	1998	Chai Song Lip	Sarawak	Athletics	Ho Hsu Ee	Kuala Lumpur	Swimming
VIII	2000	Allen Ong	Perak	Swimming	Sia Wai Yen	Kuala Lumpur	Swimming
IX	2002	Ng Shu Mun	Perak	Artistic gymnastics	Ngew Sin Mei	Kuala Lumpur	Athletics
					Petra Nabila Mustafa (Most Promising Sportswoman)	Negeri Sembilan	Athletics
X	2004	Daniel Bego	Sarawak	Swimming	Cindy Ong	Perak	Swimming
XI	2006	Zulkifli Che Rose	Sarawak	Weightlifting	Lew Yih Wey	Negeri Sembilan	Swimming
XII	2008	Foo Jian Beng	Selangor	Swimming	Marellyn Liew	Sarawak	Swimming
XIII	2010	J. Karthik	Malacca	Athletics	Chan Kah Yan	Federal Territory	Swimming
XIV	2011	Ahmad Shafie Abd Jabar	Johor	Canoeing	Jupha Somnet	Perlis	Cycling
XV	2012	Abdul Mubin Rahim	Terengganu	Weightlifting	Frenceay Titus	Sabah	Weightlifting
XVI	2013	Danniel Iskandar Richard	Selangor	Artistic gymnastics	Esmelda Arecia Menti Alfred Geling	Sarawak	Artistic gymnastics
XVII	2014	Muhammad Irfan Shamshuddin	Negeri Sembilan	Athletics	Jelinie Empera	Sarawak	Weightlifting
XVIII	2016	Khairul Hafiz Jantan	Malacca	Athletics	Nur Aqilah Yusof	Terengganu	Archery
XIX	2018	Eugenius Lo Foh Soon	Sabah	Archery	Azreen Nabila Alias	Terengganu	Athletics

Para Sukma Games

Para Sukma Games (Malay: Para Sukan Malaysia), is a Malaysian biannual national multi-sport event held after every Sukma Games involving disabled athletes from Malaysian 13 member states and federal territory.^{[23][24][25][26][27]} The games was previously known as Malaysian Paralympiad (Malay: Paralimpiad Malaysia) and National Games of Malaysia For the Disabled (Malay: Sukan Kebangsaan Bagi Orang Cacat Anggota Malaysia) and was established in 1982.

Sopma Games

Sopma Games is a biannual event held for deaf athletes since 1985. It was previously known as Deaf Clubs Sports Championship (Malay: Kejohanan Sukan Antara Kelab Pekak, KSAKP) and National Deaf Games (Malay: Sukan Kebangsaan Orang Pekak, SKOP)^[28]

See also

• Sport in Malaysia
• Malaysia at the Olympics
• Malaysia at the Asian Games
• Malaysia at the Commonwealth Games

References

External links

• Sukma Games
• 2016 Sukma Games Information Site
• Sukan Malaysia (SUKMA) - Tag Archive - PenyuSukan.com
• 1996 Sukma Games Official Website