Wikipedia

Spartathlon

Monument in Sparta with names of Spartathlon winners
The finisher’s medal
The reverse side of the medal

Spartathlon is a 246-kilometre (153 mi) ultramarathon race held annually in Greece since 1983, between Athens and Sparti, the modern town on the site of ancient Sparta. The spartathlon is based on the run of Pheidippides, who ran from Athens to Sparta before the Battle of Marathon in a day and a half to seek aid against the Persians. Five Royal Air Force officers attempted the course in 1982 and the competition was started the next year. The winner of the first Spartathlon, Yiannis Kouros, still holds the record for fastest time at 20 hours and 25 minutes.

As the race grew more popular, stringent entry criteria were implemented to ensure participants were fit enough to run the course. The race has 75 checkpoints where race officials disqualify runners who fail to meet time cutoffs or who are too tired to continue.

Origin

The Spartathlon aims to trace the footsteps of Pheidippides, an Athenian messenger sent to Sparta in 490 BC to seek help against the Persians in the Battle of Marathon. Pheidippides, according to an account by Greek historian Herodotus, arrived in Sparta the day after he departed.[1] Herodotus wrote: "On the occasion of which we speak when Pheidippides was sent by the Athenian generals, and, according to his own account, saw Pan on his journey, he reached Sparta on the very next day after quitting the city of Athens."[2]

Based on this account, John Foden, an officer of the Royal Air Force and a long distance runner, went to Greece in 1982 with four officers to test whether it was possible to cover the nearly 250 kilometres (155 miles) in a day and a half.[2] Three runners were successful in completing the distance: John Foden in 37:37, John Scholtens in 34:30, and John McCarthy in 39:00.[3] The following year a team of enthusiastic supporters (British, Greek and other nationalities) based at the British Hellenic Chamber of Commerce in Athens and led by Philhellene Michael Callaghan organised the running of the first Open International Spartathlon Race. The event was run under the auspices of SEGAS, the Hellenic Amateur Athletics Association.

Race

The Spartathlon is usually held around late September. Runners have 36 hours to run 245 kilometres (152 mi), roughly the equivalent of six consecutive marathons, between Athens and Sparti, the site of ancient Sparta. Runners have to deal with the Greek heat in the day, the cold of the night, and the mountainous terrain. There are 75 checkpoints along the way, where runners are disqualified for safety reasons if they fail to meet time cut-offs. Many runners have crews that support them during the race, such as helping them resupply at the checkpoints. Any non-finishers are picked up by a bus and taken to Sparta together.[1]

The race begins at 7:00 am, roughly when dawn breaks, at the foot of the Acropolis of Athens, near the Odeon of Herodes Atticus and the Agora of Athens.[1] The runners head westwards and the first major checkpoint is at 80 kilometres (50 mi), at the Corinth Canal on the Isthmus of Corinth that connects the Peloponnese to mainland Greece. Runners then proceed to the site of ancient Corinth.[1]

Runners ascend the 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) high Sangas mountain pass on Mount Parthenion, and then descend towards Tegea, which is about 200 kilometres (120 mi) from the start of the race. According to Herodotus, Pheidippides had a vision of Pan at Tegea, in what may be the first recorded case of exercise-induced hallucination. The rest of the race is a 50 kilometres (31 mi) downhill segment to the town of Sparta.[1]

The end of the race is a statue of Leonidas I, the Spartan king who died at the Battle of Thermopylae fighting the Persians ten years after Marathon, which is placed at the end of the main street in Sparta. Runners who finish the race receive a laurel wreath and water from schoolgirls dressed in chitons, and have access to medical tents. The national anthem of the winner is also played.[1]

No monetary award is given to any of the finishers, but winning the race is considered prestigious and generates publicity that is helpful in attracting sponsors. Unlike Pheidippides, none of the runners have to make the return run back to Athens.[1]

Entry requirements

In order to run in this race an individual must have recently performed at least one of a number of qualifying feats, such as:

  • Finishing a race of at least 100 km (62 mi) in less than 10 hours (male) or 10 hours 30 minutes (female).
  • Competing in an event of more than 200 km (120 mi) and completing it in less than 29 hours (male) or 30 hours (female).
  • Competing in Spartathlon within the two previous years and overcoming the mountain to reach the Nestani checkpoint at 172 km (107 mi) in less than 24 hours 30 minutes.

The criteria have been tightened at least once in the past and a ballot introduced, since the increasing prestige of the race and the gradual increase in the number of qualifying athletes mean that it is now always oversubscribed; however, elite athletes who can exceed the criteria by a large margin (25%, formerly 20%) are able to avoid the ballot and qualify automatically. Entries are now capped at 400 each year with non-automatic qualifiers chosen through a lottery system.

Records

Yiannis Kouros, who won the first Spartathlon, still holds the record time at 20:25:00. Kouros competed in four Spartathlons, won all four and holds the four fastest times ever recorded. In 2005, he decided to trace the steps of Pheidippides completely and ran—out of competition—the Athens–Sparta–Athens distance.

Hubert Karl of Germany and András Lőw of Hungary hold the record for most finishes with 21 each. Lőw also holds the record for most consecutive finishes with 19.

In 2017, the 35th anniversary competition had a record 264 finishers under the 36-hour cut-off time. In 2018, the later stages of the race were substantially disrupted by the Medicane Zorbas, though almost all runners capable of finishing within the cut-off time were eventually able to do so.

Following are the winners of the Spartathlon:

Men

Time = hours:minutes:seconds

Year 1st Nationality Time 2nd Nationality Time 3rd Nationality Time
1983 Yiannis Kouros Greece 21:53:42 Dusan Mravlje Yugoslavia 24:40:38 Alan Fairbrother United Kingdom 27:39:14
1984 Yiannis Kouros Greece 20:25:00 Dusan Mravlje Yugoslavia 23:44:00 Patrick Macke United Kingdom 24:32:05
1985 Patrick Macke United Kingdom 23:18:00 Dusan Mravlje Yugoslavia 24:39:22 Jean Calbera France 24:42:00
1986 Yiannis Kouros Greece 21:57:00 Ernő Kis-Király Hungary 26:07:00 Peter Mann Germany 26:41:00
1987 Rune Larsson Sweden 24:41:46 Patrick Macke United Kingdom 26:41:51 James Zarei United Kingdom 27:27:16
1988 Rune Larsson Sweden 24:42:05 James Zarei Iran 25:59:42 Georges Makris Greece 26:47:00
1989 Patrick Macke United Kingdom 24:32:05 Rune Larsson Sweden 25:28:48 Seiichi Morikawa Japan 26:08:18
1990 Yiannis Kouros Greece 20:29:04 Patrick Macke United Kingdom 23:08:41 János Bogár Hungary 24:49:19
1991 János Bogár Hungary 24:15:31 James Zarei United Kingdom 26:48:50 George Stoakes United Kingdom 30:50:35
1992[4] Rusko Kadiev Bulgaria 24:08:13 Paul Beckers Belgium 25:05:48 Roy Pirrung United States 28:33:02
1993 Rune Larsson Sweden 25:57:12 Jean-Claude Lapeyrigne France 29:48:00 Schutze W.D. Germany 29:50:38
1994 James Zarei United Kingdom 26:15:00 Kenji Okiyama Japan 25:55:00 Peeter Kirppu Estonia 26:07:00
1995 James Zarei United Kingdom 25:59:42 Vasilios Chalkias Greece 27:49:46 Kazuyoshi Ikeda Japan 28:12:00
1996 Roland Vuillemenot France 26:21:00 Mravlje Dusan Slovenia 27:55:00 Roy Pirrung United States 27:56:32
1997 Constantinos Repos Greece 23:37:00 Kenji Okiyama Japan 25:55:00 Rune Larsson Sweden 28:11:00
1998 Kostas Reppos Greece 25:11:41 Kenzi(Kenji) Okiyama Japan 26:13:13 James Zarei United Kingdom 26:44:04
1999 Jens Lukas Germany 25:38:03 Jean Pierre Guyomarch France 27:08:57 Jun Onoki Japan 27:16:36
2000 Masayuki Ohtaki (Otaki, Ōtaki) Japan 24:01:10 Jens Lukas Germany 24:59:54 Cees Verhagen Netherlands 25:35:50
2001 Valmir Nunes Brazil 23:18:05 Jens Lukas Germany 24:46:51 Ryōichi Sekiya Japan 25:27:30
2002 Ryōichi Sekiya Japan 23:47:54 Markus Thalmann Austria 25:16:56 Jeffry Oonk Netherlands 26:58:55
2003 Markus Thalmann Austria 23:28:24 Valmir Nunes Brazil 25:30:35 Jean-Jacques Moros France 26:26:16
2004 Jens Lukas Germany 25:49:59 Markus Thalmann Austria 26:20:02 Martin Juri Australia 27:19:15
2005 Jens Lukas Germany 24:20:39 Jean-Jacques Moros France 25:03:30 Markus Thalmann Austria 26:34:42
2006 Scott Jurek United States 22:52:18 Ryōichi Sekiya Japan 24:14:11 Masayuki Ohtaki (Otaki, Ōtaki) Japan 25:19:12
2007 Scott Jurek United States 23:12:14 Piotr Kurylo Poland 24:29:41 Valmir Nunes Brazil 25:37:40
2008 Scott Jurek United States 22:20:01 Markus Thalmann Austria 24:52:09 Lars Skytte Christoffersen Denmark 25:29:41
2009 Ryōichi Sekiya Japan 23:48:24 Lars Skytte Christoffersen Denmark 24:32:00 Jon Harald Berge Norway 25:10:00
2010 Ivan Cudin Italy 23:03:06 Jan Albert Lantink Netherlands 23:31:00 Jan Prochaska Germany 24:56:00
2011 Ivan Cudin Italy 22:57:40 Yuji Sakai Japan 24:22:24 Michael Vanicek Germany 24:55:59
2012 Stu Thoms Germany 26:28:19[5] Tetsuo Kiso Japan 26:36:23 Markus Thalmann Austria 27:14:25
2013 João Oliveira Portugal 23:28:31 Florian Reus Germany 25:29:11 Ivan Cudin Italy 25:53:44
2014 Ivan Cudin Italy 22:27:57 Florian Reus Germany 23:56:19 Andrzej Radzikowski Poland 25:48:25
2015 Florian Reus Germany 23:16:44 Dan Lawson United Kingdom 23:53:05 Hansen Kim Denmark 23:53:52
2016 Andrzej Radzikowski Poland 23:02:23 Marco Bonfiglio Italy 23:36:58 Radek Brunner Czech Republic 24:07:29
2017 Aleksandr Sorokin Lithuania 22:04:04 Radek Brunner Czech Republic 22:49:37 Nikolaos Sideridis Greece 22:58:40
2018 Yoshihiko Ishikawa Japan 22:55:13 Radek Brunner Czech Republic 23:37:25 João Oliveira Portugal 24:34:30
2019 Bódis Tamás Hungary 26:29:24 Csécei Zoltán Hungary 27:16:59 Radek Brunner Czech Republic 27:26:20

Women

[6]

Time = hours:minutes:seconds

Year 1st Nationality Time 2nd Nationality Time 3rd Nationality Time
2019 Zsuzsanna Maraz Hungary 30:16:18 Irina Masanova Russia 31:18:08 Natasa Robnik Slovenia 32:15:31
2018 Zsuzsanna Maraz Hungary 27:05:28 Kateřina Kašparová Czech Republic 27:47:16 Teija Honkonen Finland 28:36:08
2017 Patrycja Bereznowska Poland 24:48:18 Zsuzsanna Maraz Hungary 25:43:40 Aleksandra Niwińska Poland 26:28:48
2016 Katalin Nagy United States 25:22:26 Smith Pam United States 27:11:53 Maraz Zsuzsanna Hungary 27:44:01
2015 Katalin Nagy United States 25:06:05 Alyson Venti United States 26:50:51 Szilvia Lubics Hungary 29:18:44
2014 Szilvia Lubics Hungary 26:53:40 Katalin Nagy United States 28:55:03 Eva Esnaola Spain 30:52:41
2013 Szilvia Lubics Hungary 28:03:04 Antje Krause Germany 30:07:15 Heike Bergmann Germany 30:22:03
2012 Elizabeth Hawker (also 3rd overall that year)[1] United Kingdom 27:02:17[5] Leonie van den Haak Netherlands 28:42:36 Szilvia Lubics Hungary 29:45:56
2011 Szilvia Lubics Hungary 29:07:39 Ruth Podgornik Res Slovenia 32:17:19 Mimi Anderson United Kingdom 32:33:23
2010 Emily Gelder United Kingdom 30:17:03 Heather Fouwdlink-Hawker United Kingdom 32:43:00 Yoshiko Matsuda Japan 33:31:00
2009 Sumie Inagaki Japan 27:39:49 Yoshiko Matsuda Japan 31:16:00 Lisa Bliss United States 32:27:00
2008 Sook-Hue Hur South Korea 30:03:22 Stacey Bunton United States 31:25:59 Heinlein Marika Germany 31:39:19
2007 Akiko Sakamoto Japan 31:09:24 Vrigitte Bec France 31:56:03 Kimie Noto Japan 32:11:05
2006 Sumie Inagaki Japan 28:37:20 Takako Furuyama Japan 31:40:31 Mary Larsson-Hanudel United States 31:41:56
2005 Kimie Noto Japan 30:23:07 Elke Streicher Germany 32:19:59 Anke Drescher Germany 32:52:23
2004 Kimie Noto Japan 29:57:40 Hiroko Okiyama Japan 31:01:17 Anke Drescher Germany 32:55:26
2003 Akiko Sakamoto Japan 29:07:44 Sumie Inagaki Japan 29:38:54 Barbara Szlachetka Germany 31:50:23
2002 Irina Reutovich Russia 28:10:48 Hiroko Okiyama Japan 30:25:49 Mayumi Okabe Japan 31:33:35
2001 Alzira Portela-Lario Portugal 30:31:41 Kimie Funada(later Kimie Noto) Japan 33:49:17 Heike Pawzik Germany 34:41:10
2000 Hiroko Okiyama Japan 29:16:37 Mary Larsson United States 30:56:16 Helga Backhaus Germany 31:35:24
1999 Anny Monot France 35:38:08 Kimie Funada(later Kimie Noto) Japan 35:41:31 - - -
1998 Mary Larsson Sweden 28:46.58 Kimie Funada(later Kimie Noto) Japan 29:32:21 Helga Backhaus Germany 29:53:49
1997 Helga Backhaus Germany 30:39:00 Kimie Funada(later Kimie Noto) Japan 33:36:00 Heike Pawzik Germany 33:46:00
1996 Helga Backhaus Germany 29:33:00 Kimie Funada(later Kimie Noto) Japan 33:36:00 Heike Pawzik Germany 33:46:00
1995 Kimie Funada (later Kimie Noto) Japan 29:32:21 Helga Backhaus Germany 30:41:00 Miyako Yoshikoshi Japan 35:40:31
1994 Helga Backhaus Germany 30:39:00 Kazuko Kaihata Japan 34:12:17 Miyako Yoshikoshi Japan 34:33:21
1993 Sigrid Lomsky Germany 32:46:17 Marie Bertrand France 33:47:12 Miyako Yoshikoshi Japan 34:18:00
1992 Hilary Walker United Kingdom 31:23:30 Mary Hanudel-Larsson United States 33:47:00 Miyako Yoshikoshi Japan 33:47:52
1991 Ursula Blasberg Germany 34:42:45 - - - - - -
1990 Anne-Marie Deguilhem France 34:07:41 Pascale Mahe France 35:08:03 Mary Hanudel-Larsson United States 35:31:30
1989 Mary Hanudel (later Mary Larsson) United States 31:57:23 Monika Kuno Germany 34:10:00 Eiko Endo Japan 34:36:49
1988 -
1987 Hilary Walker United Kingdom 31:23:30 Waltraud Reisert Germany 35:31:56 - - -
1986 Mary Hanudel (later Mary Larsson) United States 31:46:45 Waltraud Reisert Germany 33:21:00 - - -
1985 Mary Hanudel (later Mary Larsson) United States 34:10 - - - - - -
1984 Mary Hanudel (later Mary Larsson) United States 30:27:00 Marcy Schwam
Lorna Richey (later Lorna Michael)		 United States
United States		 34:15:10 - - -
1983 Eleanor Robinson (formerly Adams) United Kingdom 32:37:52 - - - - - -

All-time top 50 performances

Athlete Time Country Year Place Age
1. Yiannis Kouros 20:25:00 GRE 1984 1 28
2. Yiannis Kouros 20:29:04 GRE 1990 1 34
3. Yiannis Kouros 21:53:42 GRE 1983 1 27
4. Yiannis Kouros 21:57:00 GRE 1986 1 30
5. Sorokin Aleksandr 22:04:04 LTU 2017 1 36
6. Scott Jurek 22:20:01 USA 2008 1 34
7. Ivan Cudin 22:29:29 ITA 2014 1 39
8. Radek Brunner 22:49:37 CZE 2017 2 42
9. Scott Jurek 22:52:18 USA 2006 1 32
10. Ivan Cudin 22:57:40 ITA 2011 1 36
11. Nikolaos Sideridis 22:58:40 GRE 2017 3 36
12. Andrzej Radzikowski 23:02:23 POL 2016 1 35
13. Ivan Cudin 23:03:06 ITA 2010 1 35
14. Patrick Macke 23:08:41 GBR 1990 2 35
15. Scott Jurek 23:12:14 USA 2007 1 33
16. Florian Reus 23:17:31 GER 2015 1 31
17. Patrick Macke 23:18:00 GBR 1985 1 30
18. Valmir Nunes 23:18:05 BRA 2001 1 37
19. Yoshihiko Ishikawa 23:20:56 JPN 2017 4 29
20. Markus Thalmann 23:28:24 AUT 2003 1 39
21. Joao Oliveira 23:29:08 POR 2013 1 36
22. Jan Lantink 23:31:22 HOL 2010 2 52
23. Marco Bonfiglio 23:36:58 ITA 2016 2 39
24. Kostas Reppos 23:37:00 GRE 1997 1 31
25. Dušan Mravlje 23:44:00 YUG 1985 2 32
26. Ryōichi Sekiya 23:47:54 JPN 2002 1 35
27. Ryōichi Sekiya 23:48:24 JPN 2009 1 42
28. Dan Lawson 23:53:32 GBR 2015 2 42
29. Kim Hansen 23:54:37 DEN 2015 3 40
30. Florian Reus 23:57:13 GER 2014 2 30
31. Ohtaki Masayuki 24:01:10 JPN 2000 1 34
32. Radek Brunner 24:07:29 CZE 2016 3 42
33. Rusko Kadiev 24:08:13 BUL 1992 1 34
34. Ryōichi Sekiya 24:14:11 JPN 2006 2 39
35. János Bogár 24:15:31 HUN 1991 1 27
36. Jens Lukas 24:20:39 GER 2005 1 39
37. Yuji Sakai 24:21:29 JPN 2011 1 49
38. Piotr Kuryło 24:29:41 POL 2007 2 35
39. Sebastian Białobrzeski 24:30:07 POL 2017 5 28
40. Lars Christoffersen 24:31:45 DEN 2009 2 37
41. Patrick Macke 24:32:05 GBR 1989 1 34
42. Dušan Mravlje 24:39:22 YUG 1983 2 30
43. Dušan Mravlje 24:40:38 YUG 1984 2 31
44. Rune Larsson 24:41:46 SWE 1987 1 31
45. Jean-Dominique Calbera 24:42:00 FRA 1985 3 37
46. Rune Larsson 24:42:05 SWE 1988 1 32
47. Jens Lukas 24:46:51 GER 2001 2 35
48. Patrycja Bereznowska 24:48:18 POL 2017 1F
49. János Bogár 24:49:19 HUN 1990 3 26
50. Sagan Lukasz 24:51:00 POL 2017 6 34

[7]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h "The lunacy of the long-distance runner". The Economist. 22 December 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
  2. ^ a b Herodotus, The Persian Wars, Chapter 6, paragraph 106
  3. ^ Spartathlon 1983-2007, page 23, Published by the International Spartathlon Association, Athens, Greece
  4. ^ "Spartathlon 1992 Results". Official Website. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
  5. ^ a b "Finishers". Spartathlon. Retrieved 17 October 2012.
  6. ^ http://www.spartathlon.gr/en/results/finishers.html
  7. ^ Spartathlon 1983-2017, International Spartathlon Association, 7 Kodrou street, 10558, Athens, Greece

External links

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