Southeast Sulawesi | |
|---|---|
) Flag ) Coat of arms | |
) Location of Southeast Sulawesi in Indonesia | |
| Coordinates: 3°57′00″S 122°30′00″E / 3.95000°S 122.50000°E | |
| Capital and largest city | Kendari |
| Government | |
| • Body | Southeast Sulawesi Provincial Government |
| • Governor | Ali Mazi |
| • Vice Governor | Lukman Abunawas |
| Area | |
| • Total | 38,067.70 km2 (14,698.02 sq mi) |
| Population (mid 2019)[1] | |
| • Total | 2,704,737 |
| • Density | 71/km2 (180/sq mi) |
| Demographics | |
| • Ethnic groups | 36% Tolaki 26% Butonese 19% Muna 10% Moronene 5.2% Wawonii 3.5% Chinese 0.3% other |
| • Religion | 96% Islam 2.3% Christianity 1.1% Hinduism 0.4% Buddhism |
| • Languages | Indonesian (official) Buginese (lingua franca) Cia-Cia, Moronene, Muna, Tolaki, Wakatobi, Wolio (regional) |
| Time zone | UTC+08 (Indonesia Central Time) |
| HDI |  0.706 (High) |
| HDI rank | 20th (2018) |
| Website | sultraprov.go.id |
Southeast Sulawesi (Indonesian: Sulawesi Tenggara, abbreviation: Sultra) is a province on the island of Sulawesi, forming the southeastern peninsula of that island, together with a number of large offshore islands such as Buton, Muna, Kabaena and Wawonii (formerly called Wowoni), together with smaller islands. The capital is Kendari, on the east coast of the peninsula.
The province has no highway road connecting to the rest of the island, and the primary transportation link is a ferry across the Bone Gulf between Watampone (Bone) in South Sulawesi and the port of Kolaka in Southeast Sulawesi.
History
From the seventeenth century until the early twentieth century, the region was the site of the Buton Sultanate (Butung).
Geography
)
The two major mountain ranges in Southeast Sulawesi are the Tanggeasinua Range and the Mekongga Range.[2] The major rivers are the Lalinda, the Lasolo, and the Sampara.[2][3]
Demographics
The unrevised population of the province was 1,771,951 in the Indonesia 2000 census, increasing to 2,230,569 for the 2010 decennial census (1,120,225 males, and 1,110,344 females) and 2,495,248 for the 2015 Intermediate Census. Konawe Selatan, Konawe, Kolaka and Muna are the four most populous regencies. The latest official estimate (for mid 2019) is 2,704,737.[4] Islam is predominant religion (96,2%).
Most of the population is centered on Buton and Muna islands off the south coast of Sulawesi, and in and around Kendari.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1971 | 714,120 | — |
| 1980 | 942,302 | +32.0% |
| 1990 | 1,349,619 | +43.2% |
| 1995 | 1,586,917 | +17.6% |
| 2000 | 1,820,379 | +14.7% |
| 2010 | 2,232,586 | +22.6% |
| 2015 | 2,495,248 | +11.8% |
| 2019 | 2,704,737 | +8.4% |
| Source: Badan Pusat Statistik 2010 & 2019 | ||
Religion
At the 2010 Census, 96.23% of the population followed Islam.
Ethnic groups
The main ethnic groups in Southeast Sulawesi are "Tolaki", "Buton", "Muna" etc.
Administrative divisions
Southeast Sulawesi Province is divided into fifteen regencies (including the five new residencies established in 2013 and 2014) and two autonomous cities.
In 2012-13 the Indonesian Government enacted the creation of 11 new Regencies and Municipalities, including the following in Southeast Sulawesi:
- Konawe Islands Regency (enacted by Act No.8 of 2013, on 11 January 2013)
- East Kolaka Regency (enacted by Act No.11 of 2013, on 11 May 2013)
Subsequently on 24 June 2014, the Indonesian Parliament agreed to create three more new regencies: West Muna Regency, South Buton Regency and Central Buton Regency based on consideration of technical, administrative, area, strategic and geopolitic factors.[6]
- South Buton Regency (enacted by Act No.16 of 2014, on 23 July 2014)
- Central Buton Regency (enacted by Act No.16 of 2014, on 23 July 2014)
- West Muna Regency (enacted by Act No.16 of 2014, on 23 July 2014)
These regencies and cities are tabulated below, with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census,[7] together with their official estimates for mid 2019[8] The table also includes the location of the regency/city headquarters and their Human Development Index.
| Name | Area (km2) | Population Census 2010 | Population Estimate mid 2019 | Capital | HDI[9] 2018 estimate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kendari City | 300.89 | 289,966 | 392,830 | Kendari | 0.822 (Very High) |
| Bombana Regency (a) | 3,001.00 | 139,235 | 184,570 | Rumbia | 0.650 (Medium) |
| Kolaka Regency | 3,283.59 | 208,817 | 261,664 | Kolaka | 0.720 (High) |
| Konawe Regency | 4,435.28 | 213,038 | 254,695 | Unaaha | 0.707 (High) |
| North Kolaka Regency (Kolaka Utara) | 3,391.67 | 121,340 | 150,831 | Lasasua | 0.657 (Medium) |
| East Kolaka Regency (Kolaka Timur) | 3,634.74 | 106,415 | 133,324 | Tirawuta | |
| North Konawe Regency (Konawe Utara) | 5,101.76 | 51,533 | 63,814 | Wanggudu | 0.684 (Medium) |
| South Konawe Regency (Konawe Selatan) | 5,779.47 | 264,587 | 314,785 | Andoolo | 0.675 (Medium) |
| Peninsula Regencies | 28,928.40 | 1,394,931 | 1,756,513 | ||
| North Buton Regency (Buton Utara) | 1,864.91 | 54,736 | 64,072 | Burangga | 0.671 (Medium) |
| Bau-Bau City | 221.00 | 136,991 | 171,802 | Baubau | 0.746 (High) |
| Buton Regency | 1,212.99 | 94,893 | 102,641 | Pasar Wajo | 0.650 (Medium) |
| South Buton Regency (Buton Seletan) | 509.92 | 74,707 | 80,784 | Batauga | |
| Central Buton Regency (b) (Buton Tengah) | 958.31 | 86,112 | 93,091 | Labungkari | |
| Muna Regency (c) | 1,922.16 | 196,645 | 224,099 | Raha | 0.684 (Medium) |
| West Muna Regency (Muna Barat) | 1,022.89 | 71,632 | 81,624 | Laworo | |
| Konawe Islands Regency (d) (Konawe Kepulauan) | 867.58 | 28,944 | 34,219 | Langara | |
| Wakatobi Regency | 559.54 | 92,995 | 95,892 | Wanci, on Wangi-wangi island | 0.685 (Medium) |
| Island Regencies | 9,139.30 | 837,655 | 948,224 |
Notes: (a) Bombana Regency is partly peninsula (the areas around Poleang and Rumbia) and partly insular (including most of Kabaena Island).
(b) The Central Buton Regency comprises the southern part of Muna Island and a small southern part of Kabaena Island, but does not include any part of Buton Island.
(c) Under discussion is a proposal to create an additional municipality of Raha, on Muna Island. This potential extra municipality, is not separated in the table above.
(d) The Konawe Islands Regency comprises Wawonii Island and small offshore islets.
Transportation
Airports
- Betoambari Airport, Baubau
- Haluoleo Airport, South Konawe
- Matahora Airport, Wakatobi
- Sangia Nibandera Airport, Kolaka
- Sugimanuru Airport, West Muna
- Tomia Airport, Wakatobi
Ports
- Antam Pomalaa, Kolaka
- Ferry (ASDP), Kolaka
- Ferry Batulo, Baubau
- Ferry Lagasa, Muna
- Ferry Pure, Muna
- Ferry Tampo, Muna
- Ferry Tondasi, West Muna
- Ferry Wamengkoli, Central Buton
- Liana Banggai, Central Buton
- Maligano, Muna
- Murhum, Baubau
- Nusantara, Kendari
- Nusantara Raha, Muna
- Pangulu Belo, Wakatobi
- Samudra, Kolaka
- Simpu, South Buton
- Transito Talaga Raya, Central Buton
See also
- Wakatobi National Park
References
- ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2020.
- ^ a b "Tanggeasinua Mountains". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 2 March 2015.
- ^ TPC M-12 AG, Indonesia (Map) (first ed.). 1:500,000. Director of Military Survey, Ministry of Defence, United Kingdom. 1972.
- ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2020.
- ^ "Population by Region and Religion in Indonesia". BPS. 2010.
- ^ Riza Harahap (June 24, 2014). "DPR setujui tiga kabupaten baru di Sultra".
- ^ Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
- ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2020.
- ^ [1]