) | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name Rubidium perchlorate | |
| Other names Perchloric acid rubidium salt, Rubidium chlorate(VII), Rubidii perchloras (lat.) | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.033.476  |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
InChI
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SMILES
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| Properties | |
Chemical formula | RbClO4 |
| Molar mass | 184.918 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless crystals |
| Density | 2.878 g/cm3 2.71 g/cm3 over 279 °C |
| Melting point | 281 °C (538 °F; 554 K) |
| Boiling point | 600 °C (1,112 °F; 873 K) (decomposes) |
| see chart | |
| Hazards | |
| R-phrases (outdated) | R8, R36/38 |
| S-phrases (outdated) | (S2), S46 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Rubidium perchlorate, RbClO4, is the perchlorate of rubidium. It is an oxidizing agent, as are all perchlorates.
Preparation and properties
Rubidium perchlorate can be obtained through the careful heating of a rubidium chlorate solution, leading to a disproportionation reaction with the release of oxygen gas:[2]
- 2 RbClO3 → RbClO4 + RbCl + O2
When heated, it decomposes into the chloride and oxygen:[3]
- RbClO4 → RbCl + 2 O2
It has two polymorphs. Below 279 °C, it crystallizes in orthorhombic crystal system with lattice constants a = 0.927 nm, b = 0.581 nm, c = 0.753 nm. Over 279 °C, it has a cubic structure with lattice constant a = 0.770 nm.[1]
Table of solubility in water:[1]
| Temperature (°C) | 0 | 8.5 | 14 | 20 | 25 | 50 | 70 | 99 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility (g / 100 ml) | 1.09 | 0.59 | 0.767 | 0.999 | 1.30 | 3.442 | 6.72 | 17.39 |
References
- ^ a b c F. Brezina, J. Mollin, R. Pastorek, Z. Sindelar. Chemicke tabulky anorganickych sloucenin (Chemical tables of inorganic compounds). SNTL, 1986.
- ^ Abegg, R.; Auerbach, F. (1908). Handbuch der anorganischen Chemie. 2. S. Hirzel. p. 431.
- ^ d' Ans, Jean; Lax, Ellen (1997). Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker. 3. Elemente, anorganische Verbindungen und Materialien, Minerale. 3 (4th ed.). Berlin: Springer. p. 686. ISBN 3-540-60035-3. OCLC 312750698.
External links
| HClO4 | He | ||||||||||||||||
| LiClO4 | Be(ClO4)2 | B(ClO 4)− 4 B(ClO4)3 | ROClO3 | N(ClO4)3 NH4ClO4 NOClO4 | O | FClO4 | Ne | ||||||||||
| NaClO4 | Mg(ClO4)2 | Al(ClO4)3 | Si | P | S | ClO− 4 ClOClO3 Cl2O7 | Ar | ||||||||||
| KClO4 | Ca(ClO4)2 | Sc(ClO4)3 | Ti(ClO4)4 | VO(ClO4)3 VO2(ClO4) | Cr(ClO4)3 | Mn(ClO4)2 | Fe(ClO4)3 | Co(ClO4)2, Co(ClO4)3 | Ni(ClO4)2 | Cu(ClO4)2 | Zn(ClO4)2 | Ga(ClO4)3 | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
| RbClO4 | Sr(ClO4)2 | Y(ClO4)3 | Zr(ClO4)4 | Nb(ClO4)5 | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh(ClO4)3 | Pd(ClO4)2 | AgClO4 | Cd(ClO4)2 | In(ClO4)3 | Sn(ClO4)4 | Sb | TeO(ClO4)2 | I | Xe |
| CsClO4 | Ba(ClO4)2 | Hf(ClO4)4 | Ta(ClO4)5 | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg2(ClO4)2, Hg(ClO4)2 | Tl(ClO4), Tl(ClO4)3 | Pb(ClO4)2 | Bi(ClO4)3 | Po | At | Rn | |
| FrClO4 | Ra | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og | |
| ↓ | |||||||||||||||||
| La | Ce(ClO4)x | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm(ClO4)3 | Eu(ClO4)3 | Gd(ClO4)3 | Tb(ClO4)3 | Dy(ClO4)3 | Ho(ClO4)3 | Er(ClO4)3 | Tm(ClO4)3 | Yb(ClO4)3 | Lu(ClO4)3 | |||
| Ac | Th(ClO4)4 | Pa | UO2(ClO4)2 | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr | |||