| Riodininae | |
|---|---|
) | |
| Lange's metalmark Apodemia mormo langei | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Phylum: | |
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| (unranked): | |
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| Subfamily: | Riodininae |
| Tribes | |
and see text | |
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Echydna punctata, starry night
Cristalino River
Southern Amazon, Brazil
Cristalino River
Southern Amazon, Brazil
Riodininae is the largest of the three subfamilies within the metalmark butterfly family, Riodinidae.
A number of Riodininae genera are of uncertain affiliations.[1] They might belong in the Helicopini, but this needs further study. Such genera incertae sedis are:
- Apodemia
- Argyrogrammana
- Astraeodes
- Callistium
- Calydna
- Comphotis
- Dianesia
- Echenais
- Echydna
- Emesis
- Imelda
- Lamphiotes
- Machaya
- Pachythone
- Petrocerus
- Pixus
- Pseudonymphidia
- Pseudotinea
- Roeberella
- Zabuella
References
- ^ Jason P. W. Hall and Donald J. Harvey (2001), "Phylogenetic Revision of the Charis gynaea Group (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) with Comments on Historical Relationships Among Neotropical Areas of Endemism", Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 94 (5): 631–647
Further reading
- Glassberg, Jeffrey Butterflies through Binoculars, The West (2001)
- Guppy, Crispin S. and Shepard, Jon H. Butterflies of British Columbia (2001)
- James, David G. and Nunnallee, David Life Histories of Cascadia Butterflies (2011)
- Pelham, Jonathan Catalogue of the Butterflies of the United States and Canada (2008)
- Pyle, Robert Michael The Butterflies of Cascadia (2002)
External links
- Pteron Images. In Japanese but with binomial names
- Butterflies and Moths of North America
- Butterflies of America