| Philinoidea | |
|---|---|
) | |
| Chelidonura varians | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Phylum: | |
| Class: | |
| (unranked): | |
| Superfamily: | Philinoidea Gray, 1850 |
| Families | |
| See text | |
Philinoidea is a taxonomic superfamily of sea slugs, specifically headshield slugs, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Cephalaspidea.
Anatomy
They are generally small animals, and have no shell or gills. Unlike some related forms, the visceral mass is not sharply set off from the rest of the body.[1]
Taxonomy
2005 Taxonomy
Families within the superfamily Philinoidea include (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005):[2]
- Family Aglajidae Pilsbry, 1895 (1847)
- Family Cylichnidae - synonym: Tornatinidae
- Family Gastropteridae Swainson, 1840
- Family Philinidae "Clade 4"
- Family Philinoglossidae Hertling, 1932
- Family Plusculidae Franc, 1968 - contains only one species. It has been considered as synonyms of Philinoglossidae Hertling, 1932 since 2010.[3]）
- Family Retusidae
2017 Taxonomy
According to the 2017 Taxonomy, Retusidae no longer belongs to Cephalaspidean and Cylichnidae is promoted to Cylichnoidea.[4] In additional to the re-established Scaphandridae and Laonidae, as well as the three new families established in 2015 by Oskars, Bouchet & Malaquias,[5] the nine families of Philinoidea As of 19 February 2018 are as follows:
- Family Aglajidae Pilsbry, 1895 (1847)
- Family Alacuppidae Oskars, Bouchet & Malaquias, 2015[5]
- Family Colpodaspididae Oskars, Bouchet & Malaquias, 2015[5]
- Family Gastropteridae Swainson, 1840
- Family Laonidae Pruvot-Fol, 1954[5]
- Family Philinidae Gray, 1850 (1815)
- Family Philinoglossidae Hertling, 1932
- Family Philinorbidae Oskars, Bouchet & Malaquias, 2015[5]
- Family Scaphandridae G.O. Sars, 1878[5]
References
- ^ Barnes, Robert D. (1982). Invertebrate Zoology. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. p. 376. ISBN 978-0-03-056747-6.
- ^ Bouchet P.; Rocroi J.-P.; Frýda J.; Hausdorf B.; Ponder W.; Valdés Á. & Warén A. (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia: International Journal of Malacology. ConchBooks. 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997.
- ^ Bouchet, Philippe (2010-12-17). "Plusculidae Franc, 1968". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2018-02-20.
- ^ Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.P.; Hausdorf, B.; Kaim, A.; Kano, Y.; Nützel, A.; Parkhaev, P.; Schrödl, M.; Strong, E.E. (2017). "Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families". Malacologia. 61 (1–2): 1–526. doi:10.4002/040.061.0201. S2CID 91051256.
- ^ a b c d e f Oskars, T.R.; Bouchet, P.; Malaquias, M.A. (2015). "A new phylogeny of the Cephalaspidea (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) based on expanded taxon sampling and gene markers". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 89: 130–150. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.04.011. PMID 25916189.
External links