The PS210 experiment was the first experiment that led to the observation of antihydrogen atoms produced at the Low Energy Antiproton Ring (LEAR) at CERN in 1995.[1] The antihydrogen atoms were produced in flight and moved at nearly the speed of light.[2] They made unique electrical signals in detectors that destroyed them almost immediately after they formed by matter–antimatter annihilation.[3]
Eleven signals were observed, of which two were attributed to other processes.[1] In 1997 similar observations were announced at Fermilab from the E862 experiment.[4] The first measurement demonstrated the existence of antihydrogen,[1] the second (with improved setup and intensity monitoring) measured the production rate.[4] Both experiments, one at each of the only two facilities with suitable antiprotons, were stimulated by calculations which suggested the possibility of making very fast antihydrogen within existing circular accelerators.
References
- ^ a b c Baur, G.; Boero, G.; Brauksiepe, A.; Buzzo, A.; Eyrich, W.; Geyer, R.; Grzonka, D.; Hauffe, J.; Kilian, K.; LoVetere, M.; Macri, M.; Moosburger, M.; Nellen, R.; Oelert, W.; Passaggio, S.; Pozzo, A.; Röhrich, K.; Sachs, K.; Schepers, G.; Sefzick, T.; Simon, R.S.; Stratmann, R.; Stinzing, F.; Wolke, M. (1996). "Production of antihydrogen". Physics Letters B. 368 (3): 251–258. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.38.7538. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(96)00005-6. ISSN 0370-2693.
- ^ "First atoms of antimatter produced at CERN". CERN Press Releases. CERN. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
- ^ "Experiment description". Forschungszentrum Jülich. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
- ^ a b Blanford, G.; Christian, D. C.; Gollwitzer, K.; Mandelkern, M.; Munger, C. T.; Schultz, J.; Zioulas, G. (1998). "Observation of Atomic Antihydrogen". Physical Review Letters. 80 (14): 3037–3040. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.3037. ISSN 0031-9007.
Further reading
- "First Observation of Hot Antihydrogen". Internet Archive Wayback Machine. Gabrielse Research Group. Archived from the original on 3 September 2006. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
- "PS210 Home Page". Forschungszentrum Jülich. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
- "Fermilab Antihydrogen Experiment Fact Sheet". Fermilab Newsroom. Fermilab . Retrieved 26 June 2019.
- A. Aste; et al. (1994). "Electromagnetic pair production with capture" (PDF). Physical Review A. 50 (5): 3980–3983. Bibcode:1994PhRvA..50.3980A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.50.3980. PMID 9911369.