| Churchill Mountains | |
|---|---|
)  Location of Churchill Mountains in SW Antarctica | |
| Highest point | |
| Peak | Mount Albert Markham |
| Elevation | 3,205 m (10,515 ft) |
| Coordinates | 81°23′S 158°14′E / 81.383°S 158.233°E |
| Geography | |
| Continent | Antarctica |
| Region | Ross Dependency |
| Range coordinates | 81°30′S 158°30′E / 81.5°S 158.5°E [1] |
| Parent range | Transantarctic Mountains |
The Churchill Mountains are a mountain range group of the Transantarctic Mountains System, located in the Ross Dependency region of Antarctica. They border on the western side of the Ross Ice Shelf, between Byrd Glacier and Nimrod Glacier.
Several of the range's highest summits, including Mounts Egerton, Field, Nares, Wharton, and Albert Markham were first seen and named by the Discovery Expedition of 1901–1904 (aka: British National Antarctic Expedition), under Robert Falcon Scott[1]
The mountains were mapped in detail by the USGS from Tellurometer surveys during 1960–61, and by United States Navy air photos in 1960.
They were named by the US-ACAN for Sir Winston Churchill.[1]
Mountains and peaks
| Mountain | Metres | Feet | Coordinates |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mount Albert Markham | 3,205 | 10,515 | 81°23′S 158°14′E / 81.383°S 158.233°E |
| Mount Field | 3,010 | 9,875 | 80°53′S 158°02′E / 80.883°S 158.033°E |
| Mount Nares | 3,000 | 9,843 | 81°27′S 158°10′E / 81.450°S 158.167°E |
| Mount Egerton | 2,830 | 9,285 | 80°50′S 157°55′E / 80.833°S 157.917°E |
| Pyramid Mountain | 2,810 | 9,219 | 81°19′S 158°15′E / 81.317°S 158.250°E |
| Mount Wharton | 2,800 | 9,186 | 81°03′S 157°49′E / 81.050°S 157.817°E |
| Mount Isbell | 2,360 | 7,743 | 82°22′S 156°24′E / 82.367°S 156.400°E |
| Mount Frost | 2,350 | 7,710 | 81°11′S 158°21′E / 81.183°S 158.350°E |
| Mount Zinkovich | 2,280 | 7,480 | 81°08′S 158°21′E / 81.133°S 158.350°E |
| Turk Peak | 2,000 | 6,562 | 81°02′S 158°23′E / 81.033°S 158.383°E |
| Mount Hamilton | 1,990 | 6,529 | 80°40′S 158°17′E / 80.667°S 158.283°E |
| Mount Tuatara | 1,640 | 5,381 | 80°34′S 158°20′E / 80.567°S 158.333°E |
| Young Peaks | 1,200 | 3,937 | 81°14′S 158°42′E / 81.233°S 158.700°E |
- Mount Albert Markham
Mount Albert Markham is a striking flat-topped mountain, standing midway between Mount Nares and Pyramid Mountain. Discovered by the Discovery Expedition and named for Admiral Sir Albert Hastings Markham, a member of the Ship Committee for the expedition.[2]
- Mount Egerton
Mount Egerton is a mountain rising five km north-northwest of Mount Field. Discovered by the Discovery Expedition and named for Admiral Sir George Le Clerc Egerton, a member of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-1876, one of Scott's advisors for this expedition.[3]
- Mount Field
Mount Field is a mountain standing 5 km SSE of Mount Egerton. Discovered and named by the Discovery Expedition.[4]
- Mount Frost
Mount Frost is a mountain standing 4 mi S of Mount Zinkovich, at the southern side of the head of Silk Glacier. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Lieutenant Col. Foy B. Frost, USAF, commanding officer of the Ninth Troop Carrier Squadron, which furnished C-124 Globemaster airlift support between New Zealand and the Antarctic and from McMurdo Sound inland to Byrd, Eights, and South Pole Stations during U.S. Navy (USN) Operation Deep Freeze 1962.[5]
- Mount Hamilton
Mount Hamilton stands at the eastern edge of Kent Plateau, 11 km (7 mi) south of Mount Tuatara. Discovered by the Discovery Expedition and named for Admiral Sir Richard Vesey Hamilton, who served on Arctic voyages (1850–54) and was a member of the Ship Committee for this expedition.[6]
- Mount Nares
Mount Nares is a massive mountain located just south of Mount Albert Markham and overlooking the head of Flynn Glacier. Discovered by the Discovery Expedition led by Scott, who named it for Sir George S. Nares, captain of an Arctic expedition in 1875-76, and a member of the Ship Committee for Scott's expedition.[7]
- Pyramid Mountain
Pyramid Mountain is a conspicuous pyramidal mountain standing 4 mi N of Mount Albert Markham. Discovered and named by the Discovery Expedition.[8]
- Mount Tuatara
Mount Tuatara is a mountain standing on the southern side of Byrd Glacier, 7 mi N of Mount Hamilton. Mapped by the New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition (NZGSAE) (1960–61) who so named it because the long spiny summit ridge resembles a lizard.[9] The Tuatara is a reptile endemic to New Zealand.
- Turk Peak
Turk Peak is a large hump-shaped peak being the central of three peaks on a ridge 6 mi N of Mount Zinkovich. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Lieutenant Col. Wilbert Turk, commander of the 61st Troop Carrier Squadron which initiated the flights of C-130 Hercules aircraft in Antarctica in January 1960.[10]
- Mount Wharton
Mount Wharton is a mountain standing 8.8 km (5.5 mi) west of Turk Peak. Discovered by the Discovery Expedition and named for Sir William Wharton, Hydrographer to the Royal Navy, 1884-1904.[11]
- Young Peaks
Young Peaks is a group of peaks along a ridge running west–east, starting 5 km east of Mount Coley. The feature is 5 km long with summits rising above 1200 m. Flanked by Lee Glacier at north and Jorda Glacier at south. Named in honor of Pamela Young who was the first female event member in the New Zealand Antarctic Research Program (NZARP).[12]
- Mount Zinkovich
Mount Zinkovich is a pointed mountain standing 4 miles (6 km) north of Mount Frost at the north side of the head of Silk Glacier. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Lieutenant Colonel Michael Zinkovich, United States Air Force (USAF), commanding officer of the 1710th Aerial Port Squadron, which furnished airlift support between New Zealand and Antarctica, and from McMurdo Sound inland to Byrd, Eights, and South Pole Stations during U.S. Navy Operation Deep Freeze 1962.[13]
Sub−ranges
Sub−ranges of the Churchill Mountains include:
- Carlstrom Foothills
- Bally Glacier
- Benbrook Glacier
- Egress Peak
- Mount Blick
- Pernic Bluff
- Carnegie Range
- McClintock Ridge
- Rubin Peak
- Cobham Range
- Chappell Nunataks
- Frustration Ridge
- Gargoyle Ridge
- Gray Glacier
- Lyttelton Peak
- Mount Kopere
- Olson Névé
- Schroeder Peak
- Tarakanov Ridge
- Darley Hills
- Abercrombie Crests
- Boyer Bluff
- Chamberlin Rampart
- Constellation Dome
- Fisher Point
- Gentile Point
- Grazzini Bay
- Nursery Glacier
- Riddiford Nunatak
- Skinner Saddle
- Holyoake Range
- Adams Bluff
- Cambrian Bluff
- Errant Glacier
- Gutenberg Glacier
- Hunt Mountain
- Mansergh Snowfield
- Melrose Peak
- Mount Richter
- Peters Peak
- Nash Range
- Algie Glacier
- Babis Spur
- Ballard Spur
- Bridge Pass
- Cape Wilson
- Jacobs Peninsula
- Lowe Peak
- Mount Arcone
- Mount Canopus
- Mount Christmas
- Ricker Dome
- Surveyors Range
- Adams Peak
- Bieber Bench
- Bridge Pass
- Centaur Bluff
- Dickey Glacier
- Farmer Glacier
- Heale Peak
- Hermitage Peak
- Jones Buttress
- Mansergh Snowfield
- Mount Hotine
- Mount Mathew
- Mount McKerrow
- Mount Ubique
- Starshot Glacier
- Thompson Mountain
Other features
- Ahern Glacier
- Algie Knoll
- Alligator Eyes
- Black Icefalls
- Bradshaw Peak
- Brecher Glacier
- Byrd Glacier
- Carlstrom Foothills
- Carr Crest
- Cerberus Peak
- Chapman Snowfield
- Cooper Snowfield
- Cupcake Peaks
- Donnally Glacier
- East Egerton
- Elder Peak
- Entrikin Glacier
- Festive Plateau
- Flynn Glacier
- Gamble Glacier
- Horseshoe Nunatak
- Jorda Glacier
- Keating Massif
- Kelly Plateau
- Kent Plateau
- Kilroy Bluff
- Kiwi Pass
- Lee Glacier
- Mansergh Wall
- McLay Glacier
- Miscast Nunataks
- Mount Coley
- Mount Durnford
- Mount Frost
- Mount Hubble
- Mount Liard
- Mount Massam
- Mount Moa
- Mount Morse
- Nimrod Glacier
- Peacock Heights
- Prior Cliff
- Reid Bluff
- Roberts Pike
- Rutland Nunatak
- Silk Glacier
- Sivjee Glacier
- Sleek Spur
- Soza Icefalls
- Stark Ridge
- Swithinbank Range
- Taniwha Cove
References
- ^ a b c "Churchill Mountains". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2004-11-07.
- ^ "Mount Albert Markham". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2004-11-07.
- ^ "Mount Egerton". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2004-11-07.
- ^ "Mount Field". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2004-11-07.
- ^ "Mount Frost". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2010-06-06.
- ^ "Mount Hamilton". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2005-10-21.
- ^ "Mount Nares". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2004-11-07.
- ^ "Pyramid Mountain". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2010-06-06.
- ^ "Mount Tuatara". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2010-06-06.
- ^ "Turk Peak". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2010-06-06.
- ^ "Mount Wharton". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2004-11-07.
- ^ "Young Peaks". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2008-03-20.
- ^ "Mount Zinkovich". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2008-03-20.