A monatomic ion is an ion consisting of exactly one atom. If an ion contains more than one atom, even if these are of the same element, it is called a polyatomic ion.[1] For example, calcium carbonate consists of the monatomic ion Ca2+ and the polyatomic ion CO32−.
A type I binary ionic compound contains a metal (cation) that forms only one type of ion. A type II ionic compound contains a metal that forms more than one type of ion, i.e., ions with different charges.
| Common type I cations | |
|---|---|
| Hydrogen | H+ |
| Lithium | Li+ |
| Sodium | Na+ |
| Potassium | K+ |
| Rubidium | Rb+ |
| Caesium | Cs+ |
| Magnesium | Mg2+ |
| Calcium | Ca2+ |
| Strontium | Sr2+ |
| Barium | Ba2+ |
| Aluminium | Al3+ |
| Silver | Ag+ |
| Zinc | Zn2+ |
| Common type II cations | ||
|---|---|---|
| iron(II) | Fe2+ | ferrous |
| iron(III) | Fe3+ | ferric |
| copper(II) | Cu2+ | cupric |
| copper(I) | Cu+ | cuprous |
| Common anions | |
|---|---|
| hydride | H− |
| fluoride | F− |
| chloride | Cl− |
| bromide | Br− |
| iodide | I− |
| oxide | O2− |
| sulfide | S2− |
| nitride | N3− |
| phosphide | P3− |
See also
- monatomic
- polyatomic ion
- diatomic cations
- triatomic cations
- diatomic anion
- triatomic anion
References
- ^ William Masterton; Cecile Hurley (24 January 2008). Chemistry: Principles and Reactions. Cengage Learning. p. 176. ISBN 0-495-12671-3.