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Grigory Lukyanovich Skuratov-Belskiy (Russian: Григорий Лукьянович Скуратов-Бельский),[1] better known as Malyuta Skuratov (Малюта Скуратов) (? – January 1, 1573) was one of the most odious leaders of the Oprichnina during the reign of Ivan the Terrible.
Biography
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Malyuta Skuratov rose to prominence in 1569 by taking part in the trial and execution of Vladimir of Staritsa, Ivan IV's only cousin and a possible claimant to the throne[2] . In December 1569, Malyuta Skuratov strangled a former Metropolitan of Moscow, Philip II, by the order of Ivan the Terrible, for his criticism of the Oprichnina.[3]
In January 1571, Skuratov led a punitive expedition against Novgorod, killing thousands of its citizens on suspicion of treason. In 1571, Skuratov was put in charge of the investigation into the causes of the Russian army's defeat by the army of the Crimean Khan Devlet I Giray.[4]
Malyuta Skuratov was killed during the siege of Weissenstein (now Paide, Estonia) in the Livonian War in 1573. He lies buried near the grave of his father in the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery.[5]
One of Skuratov's daughters, Maria Grigorievna, married Boris Godunov.[5] His other daughter, who had poisoned Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky, was married to Prince Dmitry Ivanovich Skopin-Shuisky.
Media
Movies
- Ivan the Terrible (1944/1958; portrayed by Mikhail Zharov)
- Tsar, a 2009 Russian drama film directed by Pavel Lungin.
Literature
- The Master and Margarita by Mikhail Bulgakov: in the chapter entitled "Satan's Great Ball", Bulgakov makes a passing but arguably important reference to the figure of Skuratov.
References
- ^ Григорий Яковлевич Плещеев-Бельский — по сведениям В. О. Ключевского
- ^ Генрих Штаден. О Москве Ивана Грозного. М. и С. Сабашниковы. 1925
- ^ Florinsky, Michael, T. (1966). "8". Russia: A History and an Interpretation. 1 (11 ed.). New York: The Macmillan Company. p. 184.
- ^ Заплечных дел мастер Archived 2012-06-12 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b "Электронная библиотека. Иван Грозный". Archived from the original on 2018-04-07. Retrieved 2016-06-04.