Majar or Macar /məˈdʒɑːr/ was a medieval city of Golden Horde in 13th-14th centuries. It once played a major role in the trade between Idel-Ural, Caucasus and the Black Sea region. In 1310–1311 the city minted its own money. In 1395 it was sacked by troops of Timur.
The ruins of buildings and also public baths, water pipes and workshops, and other remains of the city are situated on the river Kuma near Budyonnovsk, Stavropol Krai, Russia.[1]
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The town was visited by Ibn Battuta in around 1332: "I then set out for the city of al-Māchar, a large town, one of the finest of the cities of the Turks, on a great river, and possessed of gardens and fruits in abundance."[2]
An unknown Khazar city may have been located there, dating back to the 2nd century CE.
References
- ^ "Маҗар". Tatar Encyclopaedia (in Tatar). Kazan: The Republic of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Institution of the Tatar Encyclopaedia. 2002.
- ^ Gibb, H.A.R. trans. and ed. (1962). The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325–1354 (Volume 2). London: Hakluyt Society. p. 479.; Defrémery, C.; Sanguinetti, B.R. trans. and eds. (1854). Voyages d'Ibn Batoutah (Volume 2) (in French and Arabic). Paris: Société Asiatic. p. 375.
Further reading
- Howorth, Henry H. (1880). History of the Mongols, from the 9th to the 19th (Part 2 Division 1). London: Longmans & Green. pp. 187–193.
- Yule, Henry, trans. and ed. (1903). The Book of Ser Marco Polo: The Venetian concerning the kingdoms and marvels of the east, Volume 2 (2nd ed.). London: John Murray. p. 491.