Major is a military rank of commissioned officer status, with corresponding ranks existing in many military forces throughout the world.
Background
When used unhyphenated, in conjunction with no other indicators, major is one rank senior to that of an army captain, and one rank subordinate or below the rank of lieutenant colonel. It is considered the most junior of the field officer ranks.[1]
Majors are typically assigned as specialised executive or operations officers for battalion-sized units of 300 to 1,200 soldiers. In some militaries, notably France and Ireland, the rank of major is referred to as commandant, while in others it is known as captain-major.
When used in hyphenated or combined fashion, the term can also imply seniority at other levels of rank, including general-major or major general, denoting a low-level general officer, and sergeant major, denoting the most senior non-commissioned officer (NCO) of a military unit. The term major can also be used with a hyphen to denote the leader of a military band such as in pipe-major or drum-major.
Historically, the rank designation develops in English in the 1640s, taken from French majeur, in turn a shortening of sergent-majeur, which at the time designated a higher rank than at present. The term [[Mayor]] for the head of a municipal government can also be traced to the same French word.
The rank of major is also used in some police forces and other paramilitary rank structures, such as the Pennsylvania State Police, New York State Police, New Jersey State Police, and several others. As with a military major, this rank is most commonly the next rank above captain. The rank is equivalent to an inspector or commander in other large police departments or to the UK rank of superintendent.
Links to major ranks by country
Alphabetically sorted by name of country:
- Major (Brazil)
- Major (Canada)
- Majuri (Finland)
- Major (Germany)
- Tagmatarchis (Greece; Ταγματάρχης, abbr. Τχης)
- Major (India)
- Majoras (Lithuania)
- Majoor (The Netherlands)
- Major (Pakistan)
- Major/Comandante (Philippines)
- Major (Poland)
- Major (Sri Lanka)
- Major (Sweden)
- Major (United Kingdom)
- Major (United States)
Insignia
Insignia of army majors.
Albania 
Colombia 
Hungary 
Israel 
North Macedonia 
USSR 
Singapore 
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Thailand
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Insignia of air force majors
Argentina 
Croatia 
Denmark 
Georgia 
Germany 
Indonesia 
Iran 
Israel 
Italy 
Mexico 
Netherlands 
Philippines 
Poland 
Portugal 
Russia 
Sweden 
Turkey 
United States (also space force)
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Israel 
Philippines 
Sweden 
United Kingdom
Royal Marines
United States Marine Corps 
Indonesian Marine Corps
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Ranks equivalent to major by country
Alphabetically sorted by name of country or sovereign state
- Jagran (جګړن) (Afghanistan)
- China
- 少校 (Shao xiao) (PR China)
- 少校 (Shaoxiao) (Republic of China/Taiwan)
- Bojnik (Croatia)
- Ra'Ed (رائد) (Egypt and most Arab League member countries)
- Commandant (France)
- Germany:
- Sturmbannführer (Schutzstaffel and paramilitary organisations of Nazi Germany)
- Tagmatarchis (Ταγματάρχης) (Greece and Cyprus)
- Őrnagy (Hungary)
- Mayor (Indonesia)
- Sargord (سرگرد) (Iran)
- Commandant (Ireland)
- Rav seren (רב סרן) (Israel)
- 少佐 (Shousa) (Japan)
- Mejar (Malaysia)
- Хошууч (Mongolia)
- 소좌 (North Korea)
- Magat (Philippines)
- Mayor (Russia)
- Major (Serbia)
- Gaashaanle (Somalia)
- Shelaqa (Ethiopia)
- 소령 (South Korea)
- Comandante (Spain)
- Binbaşı (Turkey)
- Thiếu tá (Vietnam)
Croatia (Bojnik)
Rav seren - army (Israel)
Rav seren - air force (Israel)
Rav seren - navy (Israel)
Major (Майор) - army (Ukraine)
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See also
- List of comparative military ranks
References
- ^ "Army Major". Military-Ranks. Retrieved 27 July 2016.