

This is a list of currently enthroned monarchs sorted by length of service. It includes monarchs who do not reign over entire nations, such as Muhammad V of Kelantan, but does not include former monarchs and pretenders, such as Simeon II of Bulgaria, ex officio monarchs such as Emmanuel Macron who in his capacity as President of France is also Co-Prince of Andorra, monarchs without physical territories such as the Prince and Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, constituent monarchs such as the traditional African rulers, or monarchs whose position is unofficial, such as Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama.
Elizabeth II is currently the longest-reigning monarch, having been Queen of the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand since 6 February 1952. She is also the monarch of 12 other Commonwealth realms which have become independent states since 1952; she is therefore listed multiple times in the table below.
List
No. | Name | State(s) | Born | Age | Acceded | Years reigned |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Elizabeth II | United Kingdom | 21 April 1926 | 94 years, 300 days | 6 February 1952 | 69 years, 9 days |
Canada | ||||||
Australia | ||||||
New Zealand | ||||||
2 | Jamaica | 6 August 1962 | 58 years, 193 days | |||
3 | Barbados[a] | 30 November 1966 | 54 years, 77 days | |||
4 | Hassanal Bolkiah | Brunei | 15 July 1946 | 74 years, 215 days | 5 October 1967 | 53 years, 133 days |
5 | Margrethe II | Denmark | 16 April 1940 | 80 years, 305 days | 14 January 1972 | 49 years, 32 days |
6 | Sultan bin Mohamed Al-Qassimi III | Sharjah (United Arab Emirates) | 6 July 1939 | 81 years, 224 days | 25 January 1972 | 49 years, 21 days |
7 | Elizabeth II | The Bahamas | 21 April 1926 | 94 years, 300 days | 10 July 1973 | 47 years, 220 days |
8 | Carl XVI Gustaf | Sweden | 30 April 1946 | 74 years, 291 days | 15 September 1973 | 47 years, 153 days |
9 | Elizabeth II | Grenada | 21 April 1926 | 94 years, 300 days | 7 February 1974 | 47 years, 8 days |
10 | Hamad bin Mohammed Al Sharqi | Fujairah (United Arab Emirates) | 25 September 1948 | 72 years, 143 days | 18 September 1974 | 46 years, 150 days |
11 | Elizabeth II | Papua New Guinea | 21 April 1926 | 94 years, 300 days | 16 September 1975 | 45 years, 152 days |
12 | Solomon Islands | 7 July 1978 | 42 years, 223 days | |||
13 | Tuvalu | 1 October 1978 | 42 years, 137 days | |||
14 | Saint Lucia | 22 February 1979 | 41 years, 359 days | |||
15 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 27 October 1979 | 41 years, 111 days | |||
16 | Humaid bin Rashid Al Nuaimi III | Ajman (United Arab Emirates) | 1931 | 90 years, 45 days | 6 September 1981 | 39 years, 162 days |
17 | Elizabeth II | Belize | 21 April 1926 | 94 years, 300 days | 21 September 1981 | 39 years, 147 days |
18 | Antigua and Barbuda | 1 November 1981 | 39 years, 106 days | |||
19 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 19 September 1983 | 37 years, 149 days | |||
20 | Mswati III | eSwatini[b] | 19 April 1968 | 52 years, 302 days | 25 April 1986 | 34 years, 296 days |
21 | Hans-Adam II | Liechtenstein | 14 February 1945 | 76 years, 1 day | 13 November 1989 | 31 years, 94 days |
22 | Harald V | Norway | 21 February 1937 | 83 years, 360 days | 17 January 1991 | 30 years, 29 days |
23 | Letsie III | Lesotho | 17 July 1963 | 57 years, 213 days | 7 February 1996[c] | 29 years, 79 days[d] |
24 | Mizan Zainal Abidin | Terengganu (Malaysia) | 22 January 1962 | 59 years, 24 days | 15 May 1998 | 22 years, 276 days |
25 | Abdullah II | Jordan | 30 January 1962 | 59 years, 16 days | 7 February 1999 | 22 years, 8 days |
26 | Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa | Bahrain | 28 January 1950 | 71 years, 18 days | 6 March 1999 | 21 years, 346 days |
27 | Mohammed VI | Morocco | 21 August 1963 | 57 years, 178 days | 23 July 1999 | 21 years, 207 days |
28 | Syed Sirajuddin | Perlis (Malaysia) | 17 May 1943 | 77 years, 274 days | 17 April 2000 | 20 years, 304 days |
29 | Henri | Luxembourg | 16 April 1955 | 65 years, 305 days | 7 October 2000 | 20 years, 131 days |
30 | Sharafuddin Idris Shah | Selangor (Malaysia) | 11 December 1945 | 75 years, 66 days | 22 November 2001 | 19 years, 85 days |
31 | Norodom Sihamoni | Cambodia | 14 May 1953 | 67 years, 277 days | 14 October 2004 | 16 years, 124 days |
32 | Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan | Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates) | 7 September 1948 | 72 years, 161 days | 2 November 2004 | 16 years, 105 days |
33 | Albert II | Monaco | 14 March 1958 | 62 years, 338 days | 6 April 2005 | 15 years, 315 days |
34 | Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum | Dubai (United Arab Emirates) | 15 July 1949 | 71 years, 215 days | 4 January 2006 | 15 years, 42 days |
35 | Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck | Bhutan | 21 February 1980 | 40 years, 360 days | 9 December 2006 | 14 years, 68 days |
36 | Muhriz | Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia) | 14 January 1948 | 73 years, 32 days | 29 December 2008 | 12 years, 48 days |
37 | Saud bin Rashid Al Mu'alla | Umm al-Quwain (United Arab Emirates) | 1 October 1952 | 68 years, 137 days | 2 January 2009 | 12 years, 44 days |
38 | Ibrahim Ismail | Johor (Malaysia) | 22 November 1958 | 62 years, 85 days | 23 January 2010 | 11 years, 23 days |
39 | Muhammad V | Kelantan (Malaysia) | 6 October 1969 | 51 years, 132 days | 13 September 2010 | 10 years, 155 days |
40 | Saud bin Saqr al Qasimi | Ras al-Khaimah (United Arab Emirates) | 10 February 1956 | 65 years, 5 days | 27 October 2010 | 10 years, 111 days |
41 | Tupou VI | Tonga | 12 July 1959 | 61 years, 218 days | 18 March 2012 | 8 years, 334 days |
42 | Francis | Vatican City | 17 December 1936 | 84 years, 60 days | 13 March 2013 | 7 years, 339 days |
43 | Willem-Alexander | Netherlands | 27 April 1967 | 53 years, 294 days | 30 April 2013 | 7 years, 291 days |
44 | Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani | Qatar | 3 June 1980 | 40 years, 257 days | 25 June 2013 | 7 years, 235 days |
45 | Philippe | Belgium | 15 April 1960 | 60 years, 306 days | 21 July 2013 | 7 years, 209 days |
46 | Nazrin Muizzuddin Shah | Perak (Malaysia) | 27 November 1956 | 64 years, 80 days | 29 May 2014 | 6 years, 262 days |
47 | Felipe VI | Spain | 30 January 1968 | 53 years, 16 days | 19 June 2014 | 6 years, 241 days |
48 | Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud | Saudi Arabia | 31 December 1935 | 85 years, 46 days | 23 January 2015 | 6 years, 23 days |
49 | Vajiralongkorn (Rama X) | Thailand | 28 July 1952 | 68 years, 202 days | 13 October 2016 | 4 years, 125 days |
50 | Mahmud Sallehuddin | Kedah (Malaysia) | 30 April 1942 | 78 years, 291 days | 11 September 2017 | 3 years, 157 days |
51 | Abdullah Sultan Ahmad Shah | Pahang (Malaysia)[e] | 30 July 1959 | 61 years, 200 days | 15 January 2019 | 2 years, 31 days |
52 | Naruhito | Japan | 23 February 1960 | 60 years, 358 days | 1 May 2019 | 1 year, 290 days |
53 | Haitham bin Tariq Al Said | Oman | 13 October 1954 | 66 years, 125 days | 11 January 2020 | 1 year, 35 days |
54 | Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah | Kuwait | 25 June 1937 | 83 years, 235 days | 29 September 2020 | 139 days |
Reigns as of 08:49, Monday, February 15, 2021 (UTC) |
- ^ Barbados plans to remove Elizabeth II as their head of state and become a republic by November 2021.
- ^ The country was called the Kingdom of Swaziland until 19 April 2018.
- ^ Previously reigned 12 November 1990 – 25 January 1995.
- ^ Letsie III first reigned from 12 November 1990 to 25 January 1995, was deposed, and then returned to the throne on 7 February 1996. Length of reign calculation includes both tenures.
- ^ Abdullah Sultan Ahmad Shah is also the currently-reigning Yang di-Pertuan Agong, and has reigned for 2 years, 15 days (31 January 2019).
See also
- List of longest-reigning monarchs
- List of shortest-reigning monarchs
- List of current state leaders by date of assumption of office
- List of oldest living state leaders
- Records of heads of state