This is the list of Soviet computer systems. The Russian abbreviation EVM (ЭВМ), present in some of the names below, means “electronic computing machine” (Russian: электронная вычислительная машина).
List of hardware
The Russian abbreviation EVM (ЭВМ), present in some of the names below, means “electronic computing machine” (Russian: электронная вычислительная машина).
Ministry of Radio Technology
)
Agat-9
Computer systems from the Ministry of Radio Technology:[1]
- Agat (Агат) — Apple II clone
- ES EVM (ЕС ЭВМ), IBM mainframe clone
- ES PEVM (ЕС ПЭВМ), IBM PC compatible
- M series — series of mainframes and mini-computers
- Minsk (Минск)
- Poisk (Поиск) — IBM PC XT clone
- Setun (Сетунь) — unique balanced ternary computer.
- Strela (Стрела)
- Ural (Урал) — mainframe series
- Vector-06C (Вектор-06Ц)
Ministry of Instrument Making
)
Iskra-1030
Computer systems from the Ministry of Instrument Making:[1]
- Aragats (Арагац)
- Iskra (Искра) - common name for many computers with different architecture
- Iskra-1030 - Intel 8086 XT clone
- KVM-1 (КВМ-1)
- SM EVM (СМ ЭВМ) — most models were PDP-11 clones, while some others were HP 2100, VAX or Intel compatible
Ministry of the Electronics Industry
Computer systems from the Ministry of Electronics Industry:[1]
- Elektronika (Электроника) family
- DVK family (ДВК) — PDP-11 clones
- Elektronika BK-0010 (БК-0010, БК-0011) — LSI-11 clone home computer
- UKNC (УКНЦ) — educational, PDP11-like
- Elektronika 60, Elektronika 100
- Elektronika 85 - Clone of DEC Professional (computer) 350 (F11)
- Elektronika 85.1 - Clone of DEC Professional (computer) 380 (J11)
- Elektronika D3-28
- Elektronika SS BIS (Электроника СС БИС) — Cray clone
Soviet Academy of Sciences
)
Besta running Bestix
- BESM (БЭСМ) — series of mainframes
- Besta (Беста) — Unix box, Motorola 68020-based, Sun-3 clone
- Elbrus (Эльбрус) — high-end mainframe series
- Kronos (Кронос)
- MESM (МЭСМ) — first Soviet Union computer (1950)
- M-1 — one of the earliest stored program computers (1950-1951)
ZX Spectrum clones
)
Other
- 5E** (5Э**) series - military computers
- 5E51 (5Э51)
- 5E53 (5Э53)
- 5E76 (5Э76) - IBM/360 clone, military version
- 5E92 (5Э92)
- 5E92b (5Э92б)
- A series — ES EVM-compatible military computers
- Argon — a series of military real-time computers
- AS-6 (АС-6) - multiprocessor computing complex, name is Russian abbreviation for "Connection Equipment - 6"
- Dnepr (Днепр)
- GVS-100 (ГВС-100, Гибридная Вичислителная Система) - Hybrid Computer System
- Irisha (Ириша)
- Juku educational computer
- Kiev (Киев)
- Korvet (Корвет)
- Krista (Криста)
- Micro-80 (Микро-80) — experimental PC, based on 8080-compatible processor
- Microsha (Микроша) — modification of Radio-86RK
- MIR, МИР (uk:ЕОМ "МИР-1", uk:ЕОМ "МИР-2")
- Nairi (Наири)
- Orion-128 (Орион-128)
- Promin (Проминь)
- PS-2000, PS-3000 — multiprocessor supercomputers in the 1980s
- Razdan (Раздан)
- Radon — real-time computer, designed for anti-aircraft defense
- Radio-86RK — simplified and modified version of Micro-80
- Sneg[2] (Снег)
- Specialist (Специалист)
- SVS
- TsUM-1 (ЦУМ-1)
- TIA-MC-1 An arcade system
- UM (УМ)
- UT-88
- Vesna and Sneg[2] — early mainframes
List of operating systems
- For Kronos
- Kronos[3]
- For BESM
- D-68 (Д-68, Диспетчер-68, Dispatcher-68)
- DISPAK (“Диспетчер Пакетов,” Dispatcher of the Packets)
- DUBNA (“ДУБНА”)
- For ES EVM
- DOS/ES (“Disk Operation system for ES EVM”)
- OS/ES (“Disk Operation system for ES EVM”)
- For SM EVM
- For 8-bit microcomputers
- MicroDOS (МикроДОС) — CP/M 2.2 clone
- For ZX Spectrum clones
- iS-DOS, TASiS
- DNA-OS
- For different platforms
- MOS (operating system) - a Soviet clone of Unix in the 1980s
See also
- History of computing in the Soviet Union
- List of Soviet microprocessors
- List of Russian IT developers
- List of Russian microprocessors
- Internet in Russia
References
- ^ a b c Judy, Richard W.; Clough, Robert W. (1989). "Soviet Computers in the 1980s: A Review of the Hardware". Advances in Computers. 29: 251–330. doi:10.1016/S0065-2458(08)60535-5. ISBN 9780120121298.
- ^ a b "Электронные вычислительные машины "Весна" и "Снег"". Archived from the original on 2006-09-01.
- ^ "Google Code Archive - Long-term storage for Google Code Project Hosting". Archived from the original on 2010-08-28.
External links
- Russian Virtual Computer Museum
- Museum of the USSR Computers history
- Pioneers of Soviet Computing
- Archive software and documentation for Soviet computers UK-NC, DVK and BK0010.
Media related to Soviet computer systems at Wikimedia Commons
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