| Haya | |
|---|---|
| Ziba | |
| OluhayaOruhaya' | |
| Region | Tanzania |
| Ethnicity | Haya people |
Native speakers | 1.3 million (2006)[1] |
Niger–Congo
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | hay |
| Glottolog | haya1250 |
Guthrie code | JE.22[2] |
Haya (Oluhaya; Swahili: Kihaya) is a Bantu language spoken by the Haya people of Tanzania, in the south and southwest coast of Lake Victoria. In 1991, the population of Haya speakers was estimated at 1,200,000 people [1]. It's closest relative is the Nyambo language and It is also closely related to the languages of southwest Uganda such as Nkore-Kiga, Rutooro and Runyoro which all form a group called "Rutara"
Maho (2009) classifies JE221 Rashi as closest to Haya. It has no ISO 639-1 or ISO 639-2 code, but is included in ISO 639-3 as hay.
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Post- alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | |||
| voiced | b | d | ɡ | ||||
| Affricate | voiceless | t͡ʃ | |||||
| voiced | d͡ʒ | ||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ʃ | h | ||
| voiced | z | ||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ||||
| Approximant | l | j | w | ||||
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i iː | u uː | |
| Mid | e eː | o oː | |
| Low | a aː |
When a high vowel /i, u/ precedes a non-high vowel, it is realized as an approximant sound [j, w].
Tones
Two tones are present in Haya; high /v́/ and low /v̀/.[3]
References
- ^ Haya at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ^ Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. New Updated Guthrie List Online
- ^ Byarushengo, Ernest R.; Duranti, Alessandro; Hyman, Larry M. (1977). Haya Grammatical Structure. Southern California Occasional Papers in Linguistics, 6: Los Angeles: Department of Linguistics, University of Southern California. pp. 3–7.
See also
- Betbeder, Paul; Jones, John. 1949. A handbook of the Haya language. Bukoba (Tanganyika): White Fathers Printing Press.
- Byarushengo, Ernest Rugwa; Duranti, Alessandro; Hyman, Larry M[ichael]. (Eds.) 1977. Haya grammatical structure: phonology, grammar, discourse. (Southern California occasional papers in linguistics (SCOPIL), no 6.) Los Angeles: Department of Linguistics, University of Southern California. Pp 213.
- Herrmann, [Kapitän] C. 1904. Lusíba, die Sprache der Länder Kisíba, Bugábu, Kjamtwára, Kjánja und Ihángiro. Mitteilungen des Seminars für orientalische Sprachen, 7 (III. Abt.), pp. 150–200.
- Kaji, Shigeki. (Ed.) 1998. Haya. (Textbooks for language training.) Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), Tokyo University of Foreign Studies.
- Kaji, Shigeki. 2000. Haya vocabulary. (Asian and African lexicon series, no 37.) Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), Tokyo University of Foreign Studies. Pp 532. ISBN 4-87297-772-6
- Kuijpers, Em. 1922. Grammaire de la langue haya. Boxtel (Hollande): Prokuur van de Witte Paters. Pp 294.
- Maho, Jouni & Bonny Sands. 2002. The languages of Tanzania: a bibliography. (Orientalia et africana gothoburgensia, no 17.) Göteborg: Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis. Pp ix, 428. ISBN 91-7346-454-6
- Rehse, Hermann. 1912/13. Die Sprache der Baziba in Deutsch-Ostafrika. Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen, 3, pp. 1–33, 81-123, 201-229.
External links
- https://web.archive.org/web/20061004195910/http://www.african.gu.se/tanzania/weblinks.html
- http://www.linguistics.berkeley.edu/CBOLD/Docs/TLS.html (This webpage contains a Haya wordlist.)