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Embedded SQL

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The SQL standards committee defined the embedded SQL standard in two steps: a formalism called Module Language was defined, then the embedded SQL standard was derived from Module Language.[1] The SQL standard defines embedding of SQL as embedded SQL and the language in which SQL queries are embedded is referred to as the host language. A popular host language is C. Host language C and embedded SQL, for example, is called Pro*C in Oracle and Sybase database management systems, ESQL/C in Informix, and ECPG in the PostgreSQL database management system. SQL may also be embedded in languages like PHP etc.

Systems that support embedded SQL

Altibase

C/C++
APRE is an embedded SQL precompiler provided by Altibase Corp. for its DBMS server.

IBM DB2

IBM DB2 version 9 for Linux, UNIX and Windows supports embedded SQL for C, C++, Java, COBOL, FORTRAN and REXX although support for FORTRAN and REXX has been deprecated.[2]

IBM Informix

IBM Informix version 14.10 for Linux, Unix, and Windows supports embedded SQL for C. [3]}

Microsoft SQL Server

C/C++
Embedded SQL for C has been deprecated as of Microsoft SQL Server 2008 although earlier versions of the product support it.[4]

Mimer SQL

Mimer SQL for Linux, macOS, OpenVMS and Windows support embedded SQL.[5]

C/C++
Embedded SQL for C/C++ is supported on Linux, macOS, OpenVMS and Windows.
COBOL
Embedded SQL for COBOL is supported on OpenVMS.
Fortran
Embedded SQL for Fortran is supported on OpenVMS.

Oracle Database

Ada
Pro*Ada was officially desupported by Oracle in version 7.3. Starting with Oracle8, Pro*Ada was replaced by SQL*Module but appears to have not been updated since.[6] SQL*Module is a module language that offers a different programming method from embedded SQL. SQL*Module supports the Ada83 language standard for Ada.
C/C++
Pro*C became Pro*C/C++ with Oracle8. Pro*C/C++ is currently supported as of Oracle Database 11g.
COBOL
Pro*COBOL is currently supported as of Oracle Database 11g.
Fortran
Pro*FORTRAN is no longer updated as of Oracle8 but Oracle will continue to issue patch releases as bugs are reported and corrected.[7]
Pascal
Pro*Pascal was not released with Oracle8.[7]
PL/I
Pro*PL/I was not released with Oracle8. The Pro*PL/I Supplement to the Oracle Precompilers Guide, however, continued to make appearances in the Oracle Documentation Library until release 11g. As of release 12c, the Pro*PL/I has been removed from the Oracle Documentation Library.[7]

PostgreSQL

C/C++
ECPG is part of PostgreSQL since version 6.3.
COBOL
Cobol-IT is now distributing a COBOL precompiler for PostgreSQL
Micro Focus provides support via their OpenESQL preprocessor

Raima Database Manager (RDM)

Raima Database Manager supports embedded SQL for C/C++ and SQL PL.[8]

SAP Sybase

SAP Sybase ASE 15.7 supports embedded SQL for C and COBOL as part of the Software Developer Kit Sybase.[9]

SAP Sybase SQL Anywhere supports embedded SQL for C and C++ as part of the SQL Anywhere database management system SQL Anywhere.[10]

SAP Sybase IQ supports embedded SQL for C and C++ as part of the Sybase IQ database management system Sybase IQ.[11]

Embedded SQL through domain-specific languages

See also

References

  1. ^ "The Module Language Concept". SQL*Module for Ada Programmer's Guide, Release 8.0, Chapter 1. Introduction to SQL*Module. Oracle Corporation. Retrieved 2008-07-14.
  2. ^ "DB2 Database for Linux, UNIX and Windows". Developing Embedded SQL Applications. IBM. Retrieved 2009-04-10.
  3. ^ "Informix Dynamic Server". IBM® Informix® ESQL/C. IBM. Retrieved 2020-03-31.
  4. ^ "Deprecated Database Engine Features in SQL Server 2008". SQL Server 2008 Books Online (March 2009). Microsoft. Retrieved 2009-04-10.
  5. ^ "Embedded SQL". Mimer SQL Programmer's Manual version 11.0, Embedded SQL. Mimer SQL.
  6. ^ "Ada Support in Version 8". Oracle9i Database Migration, Release 2 (9.2), Chapter 5. Compatibility and Interoperability. Oracle Corporation. Retrieved 2008-07-14.
  7. ^ a b c "Language Alternatives". Pro*COBOL Precompiler Programmer's Guide, Release 8.0, Chapter 1. Introduction. Oracle Corporation. Retrieved 2008-07-14.
  8. ^ "Raima Technical Whitepaper" (PDF).
  9. ^ "EmbeddedSQL". SAP Sybase Products. SAP Sybase. Retrieved 2012-09-05.
  10. ^ "SAP Sybase SQL Anywhere". SAP Sybase Products. SAP Sybase. Archived from the original on 2013-05-01. Retrieved 2013-05-02.
  11. ^ "SAP Sybase IQ". SAP Sybase Products. SAP Sybase. Archived from the original on 2013-05-04. Retrieved 2013-05-02.

External links

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