| Dendrocopos | |
|---|---|
) | |
| White-backed woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Piciformes |
| Family: | Picidae |
| Tribe: | Melanerpini |
| Genus: | Dendrocopos Koch, 1816 |
| Species | |
| See text | |
Dendrocopos is a widespread genus of woodpeckers from Asia and Europe and Northern Africa. The species range from the Philippines to the British Isles.
Taxonomy
The genus was introduced by the German naturalist Carl Ludwig Koch in 1816.[1] The name Dendrocopus combines the Greek words dendron meaning "tree" and kopos meaning "striking".[2] The type species was designated as the great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) by the Scottish ornithologist Edward Hargitt in 1890 in his catalogue of woodpeckers in the collection of the British Museum.[3][4]
The genus Dendrocopos at one time contained around 25 species. A molecular phylogenetic analysis of the pied woodpeckers published in 2015 found that Dendrocopos was polyphyletic. In the rearranged genera the number of species in Dendrocopos was reduced to 12 as listed below.[5][6]
Species
| Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
) | Dendrocopos hyperythrus | Rufous-bellied woodpecker | Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, ranging across Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, Hong Kong, India, North Korea, South Korea, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam |
_at_Kolkata_I_IMG_3848.jpg')) | Dendrocopos macei | Fulvous-breasted woodpecker | Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, India and Myanmar |
) | Dendrocopos analis | Freckle-breasted woodpecker | Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. |
) | Dendrocopos atratus | Stripe-breasted woodpecker | India to Vietnam and the province of Yunnan in southwestern China |
.jpg')) | Dendrocopos darjellensis | Darjeeling woodpecker | Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Tibet |
_I2_IMG_3947.jpg')) | Dendrocopos himalayensis | Himalayan woodpecker | Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan and Pakistan. |
| Dendrocopos assimilis | Sind woodpecker | India, Iran, and Pakistan | |
) | Dendrocopos syriacus | Syrian woodpecker | southeastern Europe east to Iran |
) | Dendrocopos leucopterus | White-winged woodpecker | Afghanistan, China, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan |
.jpg')) | Dendrocopos major | Great spotted woodpecker | British Isles to Japan, and in North Africa from Morocco to Tunisia |
) | Dendrocopos noguchii | Okinawa woodpecker | Okinawa in Japan |
) | Dendrocopos leucotos | White-backed woodpecker | Eastern Europe across the Palearctic to Japan |
References
- ^ Koch, C.L. (1816). System der baierischen Zoologie (in German). Volume 1. Nürnberg: Stein. pp. xxvii, 72.
- ^ Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 133. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1948). Check-list of Birds of the World. Volume 6. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 180.
- ^ Hargitt, E. (1890). Volume 18: Catalogue of the Picariae in the collection of the British Museum. Catalogue of Birds in the British Museum. London: British Museum. p. 201.
- ^ Fuchs, J.; Pons, J.M. (2015). "A new classification of the pied woodpeckers assemblage (Dendropicini, Picidae) based on a comprehensive multi-locus phylogeny". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 88: 28–37. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.03.016. PMID 25818851.
- ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David (eds.). "Woodpeckers". World Bird List Version 6.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
Further reading
- Sangster, G.; et al. (2016). "Taxonomic recommendations for Western Palearctic birds: 11th report". Ibis. 158 (1): 206–212. doi:10.1111/ibi.12322.
- Winkler, H.; Gamauf, A.; Nittinger, F.; Haring, E. (2014). "Relationships of Old World woodpeckers (Aves: Picidae)—new insights and taxonomic implications". Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, Series B für Botanik und Zoologie. 116: 69–86.