Cefpodoxime

Cefpodoxime

Clinical data
Trade names	Vantin, others
Other names	Cefpodoxime proxetil
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a698024
Pregnancy category	AU: B1
Routes of administration	Oral
ATC code	J01DD13 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	US: ℞-only
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	50%
Protein binding	21% to 29%
Metabolism	Negligible. Cefpodoxime proxetil is metabolized to cefpodoxime by the liver
Elimination half-life	2 hours
Excretion	Renal, unchanged
Identifiers
IUPAC name (6R,7R)-7-{[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-methoxyimino-acetyl]amino}-3-(methoxymethyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid
CAS Number	80210-62-4
PubChem CID	6335986
DrugBank	DB01416
ChemSpider	4891496
UNII	7R4F94TVGY
KEGG	D07650
ChEBI	CHEBI:3504
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1672
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6022765
ECHA InfoCard	100.210.871
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C15H17N5O6S2
Molar mass	427.45 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES O=C2N1/C(=C(\CS[C@@H]1[C@@H]2NC(=O)C(=N\OC)/c3nc(sc3)N)COC)C(=O)O
InChI InChI=1S/C15H17N5O6S2/c1-25-3-6-4-27-13-9(12(22)20(13)10(6)14(23)24)18-11(21)8(19-26-2)7-5-28-15(16)17-7/h5,9,13H,3-4H2,1-2H3,(H2,16,17)(H,18,21)(H,23,24)/b19-8-/t9-,13-/m1/s1 Key:WYUSVOMTXWRGEK-HBWVYFAYSA-N
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Cefpodoxime is an oral, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is active against most Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. Notable exceptions include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus, and Bacteroides fragilis. Currently, it is only marketed as generic preparations in the US, according to the FDA Orange Book. It is commonly used to treat acute otitis media, pharyngitis, sinusitis, and gonorrhea. It also finds use as oral continuation therapy when intravenous cephalosporins (such as ceftriaxone) are no longer necessary for continued treatment.

Cefpodoxime inhibits cell wall synthesis by inhibiting the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in cell walls. It has well established pharmacokinetic profile with absorption of 50%. It is indicated in community acquired pneumonia, uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections, and uncomplicated urinary tract infections.

It was patented in 1980 and approved for medical use in 1989.^[1]

Spectrum of bacterial susceptibility and resistance

Cefpodoxime has been used to fight pathogenic bacteria responsible for causing gonorrhoea, tonsillitis, pneumonia, and bronchitis. Representative pathogenic genera include Streptococcus, Haemophilus, and Neisseria. The following represents MIC susceptibility data for a few medically significant microorganisms.^[2]

• Haemophilus influenzae: ≤0.03 - 1 μg/ml
• Neisseria gonorrhoeae: 0.004 - 0.06 μg/ml
• Streptococcus pyogenes: ≤0.004 - 2 μg/ml

Brand name

Zoetis markets cefpodoxime proxetil under the trade name Simplicef for veterinary use. The dose range in dogs is 5–10 mg/kg body weight, administered orally, once a day. Finecure,^[3] India markets the products under trade name Cefpo.^[4]

Vantin (by Pfizer)^[5] in suspension or tablet form.

Toraxim (by Delta Pharma Ltd. Bangladesh)

Trucef (by Renata Limited, Bangladesh)

Tricef (by Alkaloid Skopje, North Macedonia)

Orelox (by Sanofi-Aventis)^[6]

MAPDOX-CV: Cefpodoxime and Clavulanic acid combination

MONOTAX O (Cefpodoxime)/ MONOTAX CV (Cefpodoxime and Clavulanic acid combination) (by Zydus Healthcare Ltd.)

POSTPOD-50 (Cefpodoxime 50mg/5ml) (by Laafon Galaxy Pharmaceuticals)^[7]

References

External links

• CID 6526396 from PubChem - cefpodoxime proxetil
• Vantin Tablets and Oral Suspension Torpod (Torrent) Full U.S. Prescribing Information (from manufacturer's website)
• Simplicef (from manufacturer's website)
• https://web.archive.org/web/20190425082636/https://www.intaspharma.com/index.php?option=com_djcatalog2&view=itemstable&cid=3&Itemid=77