| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
|
| Gregorian calendar | 646 DCXLVI |
| Ab urbe condita | 1399 |
| Armenian calendar | 95 ԹՎ ՂԵ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5396 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 567–568 |
| Bengali calendar | 53 |
| Berber calendar | 1596 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1190 |
| Burmese calendar | 8 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6154–6155 |
| Chinese calendar | 乙巳年 (Wood Snake) 3342 or 3282 — to — 丙午年 (Fire Horse) 3343 or 3283 |
| Coptic calendar | 362–363 |
| Discordian calendar | 1812 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 638–639 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4406–4407 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 702–703 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 567–568 |
| - Kali Yuga | 3746–3747 |
| Holocene calendar | 10646 |
| Iranian calendar | 24–25 |
| Islamic calendar | 25–26 |
| Japanese calendar | Taika 2 (大化２年) |
| Javanese calendar | 537–538 |
| Julian calendar | 646 DCXLVI |
| Korean calendar | 2979 |
| Minguo calendar | 1266 before ROC 民前1266年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −822 |
| Seleucid era | 957/958 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1188–1189 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴木蛇年 (female Wood-Snake) 772 or 391 or −381 — to — 阳火马年 (male Fire-Horse) 773 or 392 or −380 |
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Uthman ibn Affan founds the city of Jeddah
Year 646 (DCXLVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 646 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Byzantine Empire
- Arab-Byzantine War: Alexandria is recaptured by the Muslim Arabs after a Byzantine attempt (see 645) to retake Egypt fails, ending nearly 1,000 years of rule by Greco-Roman states in the city.
- Gregory the Patrician, Byzantine exarch of Africa, begins a rebellion against Constans II and proclaims himself emperor. The revolt finds broad support among the populace.
Arabian Empire
- Caliph Uthman ibn Affan founds the city of Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) on the coast of the Red Sea. He establishes a port for Muslim pilgrims making the required Hajj to Mecca.
Africa
- Battle of Nikiou: The Rashidun army (15,000 men) under Amr ibn al-'As defeats a smaller Byzantine force, near the fortified town of Nikiou (Egypt).
- Amr ibn al-'As builds fortifications in Alexandria and quarters in the vicinity a strong garrison, which twice a year is relieved from Upper Egypt.[1]
China
- Summer – Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty destroys the Xueyantuo state, during the campaign against the Xueyantuo (Central Asia).
Japan
- Emperor Kōtoku makes a decree about the policies of building tombs. He discontinues the old customs of sacrificing people in honor of a dead man, and forbids ill-considered rituals about purgation.
- A Great Reform edict changes Japan's political order. It will lead to the establishment of a centralized government with Kōtoku ruling from his palace, Naniwa Nagara-Toyosaki Palace, in Osaka.
By topic
Religion
- Xuanzang completes his book Great Tang Records on the Western Regions, which becomes later one of the primary sources for the study of medieval Central Asia and India.
Births
- Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, Muslim Caliph (d. 705)
- Gudula, Frankish saint
- Li Sujie, prince of the Tang Dynasty (d. 690)
- Sun Guoting, Chinese calligrapher (d. 691)
- Tonyukuk, military leader of the Göktürks (approximate date)
Deaths
- Gallus, Irish missionary (approximate date)
- Liu Ji, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
- Sulpitius the Pious, bishop of Bourges
- Zhang Liang, general of the Tang Dynasty
References
- ^ The Caliphate Its Rise, Decline and Fall by William Muir. Conquest of Egypt, Chapter XXII (p. 166)