1866 in music

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Events

January – Gabriel Fauré becomes organist at the Church of Saint-Sauveur, at Rennes in Brittany.^[1]
March–December – Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky writes his Symphony No. 1, Winter Daydreams.
May 30 – Bedřich Smetana's opera The Bartered Bride (Prodana Nevesta) debuts at the Provisional Theatre (Prague).
August – Sir William Sterndale Bennett becomes Principal of the Royal Academy of Music in London.^[2]
August 4 – First performance of Gabriel Fauré's Cantique de Jean Racine.
August 9 – Marie Trautmann marries fellow musician Alfred Jaëll.
October 21 – Jacques Offenbach's operetta La Vie parisienne debuts in Paris at the Théâtre du Palais Royale.
November 17 – Ambroise Thomas's opera Mignon debuts in Paris at the Opéra-Comique.
Theodore Thomas conducts the New York Philharmonic in the American premiere of the Prelude to Act 1 of Wagner's Tristan und Isolde.
Mily Balakirev publishes his Collection of Russian Folksongs, including "The Song of the Volga Boatmen".
Georges Bizet completes the opera La jolie fille de Perth; it is premiered the following year.

"Come Back To Erin" w.m. Claribel
"We Parted By The River" w.m. William Shakespeare Hays
"When You and I Were Young, Maggie" by James A. Butterfield & George Washington Johnson
"Write Me A Letter Home" w.m. Will S. Hays

Karel Miry
- Maria van Boergondië (opera in 4 acts, libretto by N. Destanberg, premiered on August 28 in Ghent)
- De Keizer bij de Boeren (opera in 1 act, libretto by N. Destanberg, premiered on October 29 in Ghent)
- De occasie maakt den dief (opera in 1 act, libretto by N. Destanberg, premiered on December 24 in Ghent)
Franz von Suppé – Leichte Kavallerie

La Belle Hélène (Lyrics: Henri Meilhac & Ludovic Halévy Music: Jacques Offenbach) London production opened at the Adelphi Theatre on June 30
The Black Crook – the first "book musical". Broadway production opened at Niblo's Garden on September 12 and ran for 474 performances

January 13 – Vasily Kalinnikov, composer (d. 1901)
March 10 – Amanda Aldridge, opera singer, teacher and composer (d. 1956)
April 1 – Ferruccio Busoni, pianist, composer (d. 1924)
April 13 – Carl Valentin Wunderle, violinist (d. 1944)
May 17 – Erik Satie, composer (d. 1925)
June 15 – Charles Wood, composer (d. 1926)
June 29 – George Frederick Boyle, composer (d. 1948)
July 13 – La Goulue, can-can dancer (d. 1929)
July 23 – Francesco Cilea, composer (d. 1950)
September 26 – George H. Clutsam, pianist, composer and writer (d. 1951)
November 7 – Paul Lincke, composer (d. 1946)
date unknown
- Annibale Fagnola, violin maker (d. 1939)
- Dorothea Ruggles-Brise, née Stewart-Murray, collector of traditional Scottish music (d. 1937)

^ Nectoux, Jean-Michel; Roger Nichols, trans. (1991). Gabriel Fauré – A Musical Life. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 12. ISBN 0-521-23524-3.
^ Zon, Bennett, ed. (1999). Nineteenth-Century British Music Studies. 3. Aldershot: Ashgate. ISBN 0754636143.