1730 in science

	1721; 1722; 1723; 1724; 1725; 1726; ; 1727; 1728; 1729; 1730; 1731; 1732; 1733; ; 1734; 1735; 1736; 1737; 1738; 1739;
	Art; Archaeology; Architecture; Literature; Music; Philosophy;

The year 1730 in science and technology involved some significant events.

Astronomy

James Stirling publishes Methodus differentialis, sive tractatus de summatione et interpolatione serierum infinitarum.

The Reaumur scale is developed by French naturalist René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur, with 0° = the freezing point of water and 80° = the boiling point.^[1]

Joseph Foljambe of Rotherham, England, produces the iron-clad Rotherham swing plough.^[2]

April 15 – Moses Harris, English entomologist and engraver (died c. 1788)
July 12 – Anna Barbara Reinhart, Swiss mathematician (died 1796)
June 26 – Charles Messier, French astronomer (died 1817)
August 12 – Edmé-Louis Daubenton, French naturalist (died 1785)
December 8
- Johann Hedwig, Transylvanian-born German botanist (died 1799)
- Jan Ingenhousz, Dutch physiologist (died 1799)
Maria Angela Ardinghelli, Italian scientific translator (died 1825)
between 1730 and 1732 – William Hudson, English botanist (died 1793)

January 18 – Antonio Vallisneri, Italian physician and natural scientist (born 1661)
April 21 - Jan Palfijn, Flemish surgeon and obstetrician (born 1650)
December 5 (bur.) – Alida Withoos, Dutch botanical artist (born c. 1661/1662)

^ Simons, Paul (17 October 2007). "How Reaumur fell off the temperature scale". The Times. London. Retrieved 2011-06-21.
^ Jones, Alan. "A Brief History of The Plough". Doncaster: Society of Ploughmen. Archived from the original on 2011-10-04. Retrieved 2011-05-03.