Yavaneśvara, Sanskrit for "Lord" (Isvara) "of the Greeks" (Yavanas), was a man who lived in the Gujarat region of India under the rule of the Western Kshatrapa Saka king Rudrakarman I.
In 149–150 CE, Yavanesvara translated the Yavanajataka ("Saying of the Greeks"), one of the earliest writings of Indian astrology, from Greek to Sanskrit:
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Yavanesvara lived under the rule of, and was sponsored by, Rudradaman I (example of Rudradaman's coinage).
- "Previously Yavanesvara (the lord of the Greeks), whose vision of the truth came by favor of the Sun and whose language is flawless, translated this ocean of words, this jewel-mine of horoscopy, which was guarded by its being written in his tongue (i.e., Greek), but the truth of which was seen by the foremost of kings (in the year) 71; (he translated) this science of genethlialogy for the instruction of the world by means of excellent words." (Chapter 79/60-61 The Yavanajataka of Sphujidhvaja)
In the Yavanajataka he documents and explains various words of the Greek language, such as diametros or dekanos (zodiacal signs).
Yavanasvera was himself a Greek living in India, as the original Greek text is said to have been written "in his tongue" ("this jewel-mine of horoscopy, which was guarded by its being written in his tongue").
References
- David Pingree (1978) The Yavanajataka of Sphujidhvaja, Harvard Oriental Series ISBN 0-674-96373-3
- Thomas McEvilley (2002) The Shape of Ancient Thought, ISBN 1-58115-203-5
- K. V. Sarma (1997), "Yavanesvara", Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures edited by Helaine Selin, Springer, ISBN 978-0-7923-4066-9</ref>
External links
- Ikeyama, Setsuro (2007). "Yavaneśvara". In Thomas Hockey; et al. (eds.). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. New York: Springer. pp. 1251–2. ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0. (PDF version)
- O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Yavaneśvara", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews.
- The Yavanajataka of Sphujidhvaja (full text)