The current capital of Egypt is Cairo. Over the course of history, however, Egypt's capital has changed.
List of Egyptian capitals
- Memphis: (2950 BC – 2180 BC) – I – VIII dynasties
- Herakleopolis Magna: (2180 BC – 2060 BC) – IX and X dynasties
- Thebes: (2135 BC – 1985 BC) – XI dynasty
- Itjtawy: (1985 BC – c.1700 BC) – XII dynasty to XIII dynasty before Merneferre Ay
- Avaris: (1715 BC – 1580 BC) – XIV dynasty to XV dynasty (Hyksos)
- Thebes: (c.1700 BC – c. 1353 BC) – XIII dynasty possibly starting from Merneferre Ay, then XVI dynasty to XVIII dynasty before Akhenaten
- Akhetaten: (c. 1353 BC – c. 1332 BC) – Akhenaten of XVIII dynasty
- Thebes: (c. 1332 BC – 1279 BC) – XVIII dynasty and XIX dynasty until Seti I
- Pi-Ramesses: (1279 BC – 1078 BC) – XIX dynasty starting from Ramesses II and XX dynasty
- Tanis: (1078 BC – 945 BC) – XXI dynasty
- Bubastis/Tanis: (945 BC – 715 BC) – XXII dynasty
- Leontopolis/Thebes: (818 BC – 715 BC) – XXIII dynasty
- Sais: (725 BC – 715 BC) – XXIV dynasty
- Napata/Memphis (715 BC – 664 BC): The Kushite XXV dynasty rulers were based in Napata, Sudan but ruled Egypt from Memphis
- Sais: (664 BC – 525 BC) – XXVI dynasty
XXVII dynasty was Persian.
- Sais: (404 BC – 399 BC) – XXVIII dynasty
- Mendes: (399 BC – 380 BC) – XXIX dynasty
- Sebennytos: (380 BC – 343 BC) – XXX dynasty
XXXI dynasty was Greek/Roman.
- Alexandria: (332 BC – 641 AD) – Greco-Roman period
Muslim period:
- Fustat: (641 AD – 750 AD)
- Al-Askar: (750 – 868 AD)
- Al-Qata'i: (868 – 905 AD)
- Fustat: (905 – 972 AD)
- Cairo: the current capital since 972 AD
See also
- List of cities and towns in Egypt
- New Administrative Capital