Wars between Russia and Sweden have been recorded since as early as the 12th century. These conflicts include:
| War | Notes |
| Swedish–Novgorodian Wars | A series of conflicts between the 12th and 14th centuries. |
| Russo-Swedish War (1495–97) | Result of an alliance between Ivan III of Russia and Hans of Denmark. |
| Russo-Swedish War (1554–57) | Prelude to the Livonian War. |
| Livonian War (1558–82) | Fought for control of Old Livonia in the territory of present-day Estonia and Latvia. |
| Russo-Swedish War (1590–95) | Instigated by Boris Godunov in the hope of gaining the territory of the Duchy of Estonia. |
| De la Gardie Campaign (1609-1610) | A military campaign to put Vasili IV on the Russian throne. Part of the Polish–Muscovite War (1605–18). The campaign can be considered a prelude to the Ingrian War. |
| Ingrian War (1610-17) | Including an attempt to put a Swedish duke on the Russian throne. |
| Russo-Swedish War (1656–58) | Part of the Second Northern War. |
| Great Northern War (1700–21) | Conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in northern Central Europe and Eastern Europe. |
| Russo-Swedish War (1741–43) | Also known as the Hats' Russian War. |
| Russo-Swedish War (1788–90) | Also known as Gustav III's Russian War in Sweden, and Catherine II's Swedish War in Russia. |
| Finnish War (1808–1809) | Resulted in the eastern third of Sweden being established as the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland within the Russian control. |
See also
- Northern Wars
- Russo-Polish War
- History of the Russo-Turkish wars
- Russo-Persian Wars
- Russo-Finnish wars