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List of named alloys

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This is a list of named alloys grouped alphabetically by base metal. Within these headings, the alloys are also grouped alphabetically. Some of the main alloying elements are optionally listed after the alloy names.

Alloys by base metal

Aluminium

Main articles: Aluminium and Aluminium alloy
  • AA-8000: used for electrical building wire in the U.S. per the National Electrical Code, replacing AA-1350.[1]
  • Al–Li (2.45% lithium): aerospace applications, including the Space Shuttle
  • Alnico (nickel, cobalt): used for permanent magnets
  • Aluminium–Scandium (scandium)
  • Birmabright (magnesium, manganese): used in car bodies, mainly used by Land Rover cars.
  • Duralumin (copper)
  • Hiduminium or R.R. alloys (2% copper, iron, nickel): used in aircraft pistons
  • Hydronalium (up to 12% magnesium, 1% manganese): used in shipbuilding, resists seawater corrosion
  • Italma (3.5% magnesium, 0.3% manganese): formerly used to make coinage of the Italian lira
  • Magnalium (5-50% magnesium): used in airplane bodies, ladders, pyrotechnics, etc.
  • Ni-Ti-Al (Titanium 40%, Aluminum 10%), also called Nital
  • Y alloy (4% copper, nickel, magnesium)

Aluminium also forms complex metallic alloys, like β–Al–Mg, ξ'–Al–Pd–Mn, and T–Al3Mn.

Beryllium

Main article: beryllium
  • Lockalloy (62% Beryllium, 38% Aluminium) [2]

Bismuth

Main article: Bismuth

Chromium

Main article: Chromium
  • Chromium hydride (hydrogen)
  • Nichrome (nickel)
  • Ferrochrome (iron)
  • CrNi60WTi, a stainless steel alloy of chromium, nickel, 60 percent tungsten and titanium formed under ESR + VAR conditions

Cobalt

Main article: Cobalt

Copper

Main articles: Copper and Copper alloys

Gallium

Main article: Gallium
  • Al Ga (aluminium, gallium)
  • Galfenol (iron)
  • Galinstan (indium, tin)

Gold

Main article: Gold
See also notes below[note 1]


Indium

Main article: Indium

Iron

Main article: Iron

Most iron alloys are steels, with carbon as a major alloying element.

Main articles: steel, steel grades, and carbon steel

Lead

Main article: Lead

Magnesium

Main article: Magnesium

Manganese

  • MN40, used in a foil for brazing
  • MN70, used in a foil for brazing

Mercury

Main article: Mercury (element)
  • Amalgam
  • Ashtadhatu

Nickel

Main article: Nickel

Plutonium

Main article: Plutonium
  • Plutonium–aluminium
  • Plutonium–cerium
  • Plutonium–cerium–cobalt
  • Plutonium–gallium (gallium)
  • Plutonium–gallium–cobalt
  • Plutonium–zirconium

Potassium

Main article: Potassium

Rare earths

Main article: Rare earth element

Rhodium

  • Pseudo palladium (rhodium–silver alloy)

Samarium

SmCo (cobalt); used for permanent magnets in guitar pickups, headphones, satellite transponders, etc.

Scandium

Silver

Main article: Silver

Sodium

Titanium

Main article: Titanium

Tin

Main article: Tin

Uranium

Main article: Uranium

Zinc

Main article: Zinc

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The purity of gold alloys is expressed in karats, (UK: carats) which indicates the ratio of the minimum amount of gold (by mass) over 24 parts total. 24 karat gold is fine gold (24/24 parts), and the engineering standard is that it be applied to alloys that have been refined to 99.9% or better purity ("3 nines fine"). There are, however, places in the world that allow the claim of 24kt. to alloys with as little as 99.0% gold ("2 nines fine" or "point nine-nine fine). An alloy which is 14 parts gold to 10 parts alloy is 14 karat gold, 18 parts gold to 6 parts alloy is 18 karat, etc. This is becoming more commonly and more precisely expressed as a decimal fraction, i.e.: 14/24 equals .585 (rounded off), and 18/24 is .750 ("seven-fifty fine"). There are hundreds of possible alloys and mixtures possible, but in general the addition of silver will color gold green, and the addition of copper will color it red. A mix of around 50/50 copper and silver gives the range of yellow gold alloys the public is accustomed to seeing in the marketplace.

References

  1. ^ Hunter, Christel (2006). Aluminum Building Wire Installation and Terminations, IAEI News, January–February 2006. Richardson, TX: International Association of Electrical Inspectors.
  2. ^ Hausner(1965) Beryllium its Metallurgy and Properties, University of California Press
  3. ^ "Ultimet® alloy - Nominal Composition". Haynes International. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
  4. ^ Donald E. Kirby, D. A. O'Keefe, Thomas A. Sullivan(1972) [1], United States Department of the Interior
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