This is a list of languages spoken in regions ruled by Balkan countries. With the exception of several Turkic languages, all of them belong to the Indo-European family. A subset of these languages is notable for forming a well-studied sprachbund, a group of languages that have developed some striking structural similarities over time.
Indo-European languages
Albanian
- Arvanitika
- Northwestern Arvanitika
- Southcentral Arvanitika
- Thracean Arvanitika
- Gheg
- Standard Albanian
- Arbëresh
- Tosk
- Istrian
Hellenic languages
- Cappadocian Greek
- Pontic Greek
- Standard Greek
- Tsakonian
Indo-Aryan languages
Slavic languages
Eastern South Slavic
Transitional dialects
- Transitional Bulgarian dialects
- Transitional Serbo-Croatian dialects (Našinski/Torlakian)
Western South Slavic
- Bosnian,
- Croatian,
- Montenegrin,
- Serbian, and
- Slovenian
with a variety of dialects, main of which are:
Romance languages
- Aromanian
- Istriot (in western Istria)
- Istro-Romanian (In eastern Istria)
- Italian (on the Adriatic coast)
- Ladino (in Greece, Turkey, Bosnia, Serbia, North Macedonia, Bulgaria)
- Megleno-Romanian (Meglenenitic)
- Romanian
Turkic languages
Extinct languages
These are extinct languages that were once spoken in the Balkans
- Ancient Macedonian
- Dacian
- Dalmatian
- Eteocretan
- Eteocypriot
- Illyrian
- Lemnian
- Liburnian
- Ottoman
- Paeonian
- Pelasgian
- Phrygian
- Thracian
See also
- Balkan language area
- Paleo-Balkan languages