) Kalpana-1 Deployed | |
| Mission type | Weather |
|---|---|
| Operator | ISRO |
| COSPAR ID | 2002-043A |
| SATCAT no. | 27525 |
| Website | Kalpana-1 on ISRO Web-site |
| Mission duration | Planned: 7 years Achieved: 15 years[1] |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Bus | I-1000 Bus [2] |
| Manufacturer | ISRO Satellite Center Space Applications Centre |
| Launch mass | 1,060 kilograms (2,340 lb) |
| Dry mass | 498 kilograms (1,098 lb) |
| Power | 550 watts |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 12 September 2002, 10:24:00 UTC[3] |
| Rocket | PSLV-C4 |
| Launch site | SHAR, Satish Dhawan FLP |
| End of mission | |
| Deactivated | September 2017 |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Geostationary |
| Longitude | 74° East |
| Eccentricity | 0.0 |
| Perigee altitude | 35,771 kilometres (22,227 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 35,801 kilometres (22,246 mi) |
| Inclination | 0.48 degrees |
| Period | 1436.06 minutes |
| Epoch | 25 September 2002[4] |
| Instruments | |
| VHRR | |
Kalpana-1 was the first dedicated meteorological satellite launched by Indian Space Research Organisation using Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle on 12 September 2002. The satellite is three-axis stabilized and is powered by solar panels, getting up to 550 watts (0.74 hp) of power. The METSAT bus was used as the basis for the Chandrayaan lunar orbiter mission of 2008.
History
Originally known as MetSat-1, the satellite was the first launched by the PSLV-C4 into the Geostationary orbit. On February 5, 2003 it was renamed to Kalpana-1 by the Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee in memory of Kalpana Chawla—a NASA astronaut who perished in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster.
The satellite features a Very High Resolution scanning Radiometer (VHRR), for three-band images (visible, infrared, and thermal infrared) with a resolution of 2 km × 2 km (1.2 mi × 1.2 mi), and a Data Relay Transponder (DRT) payload to provide data to weather terrestrial platforms.[3] Its mission is to collect data in layer of clouds, water vapor, and temperature of the atmosphere.
Kalpana-1 went out of service in mid-2018.[5]
VHRR scanning radiometer
The three band images are:
See also
- 2002 in spaceflight
- List of Indian satellites
References
- ^ "Kalpana - 1". www.isro.gov.in. ISRO.
- ^ "ISAC_website". Indian Space Research Organization. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
- ^ a b "Geostationary Satellites - Kalpana-1(METSAT)". Indian Space Research Organization. 2009. Archived from the original (aspx) on 20 October 2009. Retrieved 20 October 2009.
- ^ McDowell, Jonathan. "Satellite Catalog". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 3 May 2018.
- ^ "Kalpana-1". 12 July 2018.
- ^ "Kalpana 1". Nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. NASA.