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The Joint Research Centre (JRC) is the European Commission's science and knowledge service which employs scientists to carry out research in order to provide independent scientific advice and support to EU policy. The JRC is a Directorate-General of the European Commission under the responsibility of Mariya Gabriel, European Commissioner for Innovation, Research, Culture, Education and Youth.[1] The current Director General of the JRC is Stephen Quest, who took office on 01/05/2020, succeeding Vladimír Šucha.[2] Its Board of Governors assists and advises the Director-General on matters relating to the role and the scientific, technical and financial management of the JRC.
Composed of strategy and coordination, knowledge production, knowledge management and support directorates, the JRC is spread across six sites in five EU countries: in Belgium (Brussels and Geel), Germany (Karlsruhe), Italy (Ispra), the Netherlands (Petten), and Spain (Seville). Their responsibilities are:
- to create, manage and make sense of knowledge to support European policies with independent evidence
- to develop innovative tools and make them available to policy makers
- to anticipate emerging issues that need to be addressed at EU level and understand policy environments
- to share know-how with EU countries, the scientific community and international partners
- to contributes to the overall objective of Horizon 2020
- to conduct Euratom-funded research on nuclear safety and security to contribute to the transition to a carbon-free economy.[1]
History
The Italian Centre in Ispra originally belonged to the Comitato Nazionale per l'Energia Nucleare (CNEN) and was officially transferred to the Community on March 1, 1961.[3] Since 1973, non-nuclear research evolved rapidly, especially in topics related to safety and the environment. In 1992, the results of a study led to a proposal to convert the JRC Ispra site into an environmentally-optimised model site; the "ECO Centre". At the beginning of the 1980s, re-examination of the mandate and evaluation of the activities of the JRC began. Future activities were to continue to support the Commission's implementations of Community policies. After 16 years of research, the nuclear reactor at JRC Ispra[4] was shut down in 1983.[5] The JRC employs around 2787 staff with an annual budget of 372,5 million euros for the year 2017.[6]
Science areas
The JRC research activities are clustered into ten science areas:
- Agriculture and food security
- Economic and Monetary Union
- Energy and transport
- Environment and climate change
- Health and consumer protection
- Information Society
- Innovation and growth
- Nuclear safety and security
- Safety and Security
- Standards[7]
See also
- Best Available Techniques Reference Document (BREF)
- Directorate-General
- Directorate-General for Research
- Directorate-General for Information Society and Media (European Commission)
- European Research Area (ERA)
- European Research Council (ERC)
- European Institute of Technology (EIT)
- European Research Advisory Board (EURAB)
- European School
- Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development
- Joint Technology Initiative
- Lisbon Strategy
- Seventh Framework Programme
- Scientific Advice Mechanism
- Sixth Framework Programme
References
- ^ a b "Joint Research Centre's website".
- ^ Organisation - Joint Research Centre. Retrieved on 2020-05-13
- ^ History of the Joint Research Centre, Ispra Site. YouTube (2009-12-21). Retrieved on 2013-09-05.
- ^ Essai Orgel (ESSOR), 1969. YouTube (2012-07-30). Retrieved on 2013-09-05.
- ^ http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/jrc/downloads/jrc_ispra_50_years_history_en.pdf
- ^ "JRC Annual Report 2017 - European Commission". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 26 October 2018.
- ^ team, FPFIS (22 November 2012). "Science areas". EU Science Hub - European Commission. Retrieved 15 January 2021.
Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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