Haplogroup CZ (mtDNA)

Haplogroup CZ
Ancestor	M8
Descendants	C, Z
Defining mutations	249d

In human mitochondrial genetics, the Haplogroup CZ is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.

Origin

Haplogroup CZ is a descendant of haplogroup M8 and is a parent to the haplogroups C and Z. The C and Z subclades share a common ancestor dated to approximately 36,500 years ago.^[2]^[3]

Distribution

Today, CZ is found in eastern Asian, Central Asian, Siberian, indigenous American, and European populations, and is most common in Siberian populations. It is recognized by a genetic marker at 249d.

Subclades

Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup CZ subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation^[1] and subsequent published research.

M
- M8
  - CZ
    - C
    - Z

References

^ ^a ^b van Oven, Mannis; Manfred Kayser (13 Oct 2008). "Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation". Human Mutation. 30 (2): E386–E394. doi:10.1002/humu.20921. PMID 18853457. S2CID 27566749. Archived from the original on 4 December 2012. Retrieved 2009-05-20.
^ Behar et al., 2012b
^ Sebastian Lippold; et al. (2014). "Human paternal and maternal demographic histories: insights from high-resolution Y chromosome and mtDNA sequences". bioRxiv 10.1101/001792.

External links

General
- Ian Logan's Mitochondrial DNA Site
- Mannis van Oven's Phylotree

[vanOven-1] van Oven, Mannis; Manfred Kayser (13 Oct 2008). "Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation". Human Mutation. 30 (2): E386–E394. doi:10.1002/humu.20921. PMID 18853457. S2CID 27566749. Archived from the original on 4 December 2012. Retrieved 2009-05-20.

[Behar2012-2] Behar et al., 2012b

[Lippold2014-3] Sebastian Lippold; et al. (2014). "Human paternal and maternal demographic histories: insights from high-resolution Y chromosome and mtDNA sequences". bioRxiv 10.1101/001792.

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[2]

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