Gadfly (philosophy and social science)

A gadfly is a person who interferes with the status quo of a society or community by posing novel, potentially upsetting questions, usually directed at authorities. The term is originally associated with the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates, in his defense when on trial for his life.

History

Socrates

The term "gadfly" (Greek: μύωψ^[1], mýops^[2]) was used by Plato in the Apology^[3] to describe Socrates' acting as an uncomfortable goad to the Athenian political scene, like a spur or biting fly arousing a sluggish horse.

During his defense when on trial for his life, Socrates, according to Plato's writings, pointed out that dissent, like the gadfly, was easy to swat, but the cost to society of silencing individuals who were irritating could be very high: "If you kill a man like me, you will injure yourselves more than you will injure me" because his role was that of a gadfly, "to sting people and whip them into a fury, all in the service of truth." This may have been one of the earliest descriptions of gadfly ethics.

Modern politics

In modern politics, a gadfly is someone who persistently challenges people in positions of power, the status quo or a popular position.^[4] For example, Morris Kline wrote, "There is a function for the gadfly who poses questions that many specialists would like to overlook. Polemics is healthy."^[5] The word may be uttered in a pejorative sense or be accepted as a description of honourable work or civic duty.

See also

• Concern troll – a false flag pseudonym created by a user whose actual point of view is opposed to the one that the troll claims to hold
• Devil's advocate – takes a position they do not necessarily agree with
• Gadfly (mythology)
• The Gadfly – novel

References

External links

• The dictionary definition of gadfly at Wiktionary