Adelaide | |
|---|---|
) Dutch Reformed Church in Adelaide | |
)  Adelaide ) Adelaide ) Adelaide | |
| Coordinates: 32°42′S 26°18′E / 32.700°S 26.300°E | |
| Country | South Africa |
| Province | Eastern Cape |
| District | Amathole |
| Municipality | Raymond Mhlaba |
| Area | |
| • Total | 40.0 km2 (15.4 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 600 m (2,000 ft) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
| • Total | 12,191 |
| • Density | 300/km2 (790/sq mi) |
| Racial makeup (2011) | |
| • Black African | 76.5% |
| • Coloured | 18.8% |
| • Indian/Asian | 0.5% |
| • White | 3.5% |
| • Other | 0.8% |
| First languages (2011) | |
| • Xhosa | 72.3% |
| • Afrikaans | 22.6% |
| • English | 3.0% |
| • Other | 2.1% |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (SAST) |
| Postal code (street) | 5760 |
| PO box | 5760 |
| Area code | 046 |
Adelaide is a rural town and area in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Adelaide is situated near the Great Winterberg Mountain range.
History
Before European arrival
The modern day area of Adelaide was first inhabited by Bushmen (estimated around 1530 to 1760), but in the late 18th and 19th century Xhosa and white settlers arrived. The Bushmen were displaced and are no longer found in the area.
Colonial Adelaide
Adelaide's origins date back to 1835 when a British officer named Captain Alexander Boswell Armstrong (1787–1862) established a military encampment which he named Fort Adelaide after Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, wife of King William IV. Despite the earlier English settlers, who were part of the 1820 Settlers, later on a large number of both Scottish and Afrikaans people soon immigrated here too. The Scottish were also the first to erect a church in the local area.
Modern day Adelaide
Adelaide is an important centre for wool and sheep farming. Beef, mutton, venison, and citrus fruit are also important products. The specialised abattoir for venison (farm-hunted game meat) operating in the central town provides much needed employment to the local residents.
About 2,300 of the San-Bushmen's faraway descendants, the Westernised Coloureds, reside in the Bezuidenhoutville township 3km from the central town, and represent 19% of Adelaide's inhabitants. Lingelethu is the largest Black African township in Adelaide, with a census exceeding 6,000[1] and a population share of 77% of the municipal area.