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| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name Ethane-1,2-dithiol | |
| Other names Dimercaptoethane 1,2-Ethanedithiol | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.007.958  |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID | |
| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
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SMILES
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| Properties | |
| C2H6S2 | |
| Molar mass | 94.19 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Density | 1.123 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | −41 °C (−42 °F; 232 K) |
| Boiling point | 146 °C (295 °F; 419 K) 46 mmHg |
| Slightly sol | |
| Solubility in other solvents | Good solubility in most organic solvents |
| Acidity (pKa) | ≈11 |
Refractive index (nD) | 1.5589 (D-line, 25 °C) |
| Hazards | |
| GHS pictograms | ) ) ) |
| GHS Signal word | Danger |
GHS hazard statements | H226, H301, H302, H310, H312, H319, H330 |
GHS precautionary statements | P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+310, P301+312, P302+350, P302+352, P303+361+353, P304+340, P305+351+338, P310, P312, P320, P321, P322 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | 50 °C (122 °F; 323 K) |
| Related compounds | |
Related thiols | 1,1-Ethanedithiol; Ethanethiol; 1,3-Propanedithiol; 1,2-Benzenedithiol; Thiophenol |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
1,2-Ethanedithiol, also known as EDT,[1] is a colorless liquid with the formula C2H4(SH)2. It has a very characteristic odor which is compared by many people to rotten cabbage. It is a common building block in organic synthesis and an excellent ligand for metal ions.
Preparation
1,2-Ethanedithiol is prepared commercially by the reaction of 1,2-dichloroethane with aqueous sodium bisulfide. In the laboratory, it can also be prepared by the action of 1,2-dibromoethane on thiourea followed by hydrolysis.[2]
Applications
As a 1,2-dithiol, this compound is widely used in organic chemistry because it reacts with aldehydes and ketones to give 1,3-dithiolanes, which are useful intermediates. [3]
- C2H4(SH)2 + RR'CO → C2H4S2CRR' + H2O
)
Other 1,2- and 1,3-dithiols undergo this reaction to give related 1,3-dithiolanes and 1,3-dithianes (six-membered rings). Diols such as ethylene glycol undergo analogous reactions to 1,3-dioxolanes and 1,3-dioxanes. One distinguishing feature of the dithiolanes and dithianes derived from aldehydes is that the methyne group can be deprotonated and the resulting carbanion alkylated.
1,2-Ethanedithiol is commonly used as a scavenger in peptide cleavage synthesis.
See also
- 1,1-Ethanedithiol
References
- ^ Choi, H.; Aldrich, J.v. (1993-07-01). "Comparison of methods for the Fmoc solid-phase synthesis and cleavage of a peptide containing both tryptophan and arginine". International Journal of Peptide and Protein Research. 42 (1): 58–63. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3011.1993.tb00350.x. ISSN 1399-3011. PMID 8103765.
- ^ Speziale, A. J. (1963). "Ethanedithiol". Organic Syntheses.; Collective Volume, 4, p. 401
- ^ R. E. Conrow "Ethanedithiol" in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (Ed: L. Paquette) 2004, J. Wiley & Sons, New York. doi:10.1002/047084289X