Weak acid

Acids and bases:

Acid-base reaction theories
pH
Self-ionization of water
Buffer solutions
Systematic naming
Redox reactions
Electrochemistry
Acids:

Strong acids
Weak acids

Bases:

Strong bases
Weak bases

A weak acid is an acid that does not ionize in solution to a significant extent; that is, if the acid was represented by the general formula HA, then in aqueous solution a significant amount of undissociated HA still remains. Weak acids in water dissociate as

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The equilibrium concentrations of reactants and products are related by the Acidity constant expression, (K_a):

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The greater the value of K_a, the more the formation of H⁺ is favored, and the lower the pH of the solution. The K_a of weak acids varies between 1.8×10^-16 and 55.5. Acids with a K_a less than 1.8×10^-16 are weaker acids than water. Acids with a K_a of greater than 55.5 are strong acids and almost totally dissociate when dissolved in water. The vast majority of acids are weak acids. Organic acids are a large subset of weak acids. Common household weak organic acids include acetic acid found in vinegar, and citric acid found in lemons; weak mineral acids include boric acid used as an antiseptic and eyewash and phosphoric acid that appears in many soft drinks.

In chemistry, a base is most commonly thought of as a substance that can accept protons. This refers to the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases. Alternate definitions of bases include electron pair donors (Lewis), and as sources of hydroxide anions (Arrhenius).
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An acid-base reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs between an acid and a base. Several concepts exist which provide alternative definitions for the reaction mechanisms involved and their application in solving related problems.
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pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. Aqueous solutions at 25 ℃ with a pH less than seven are considered acidic, while those with a pH greater than seven are considered basic (alkaline). The pH of 7.
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The self-ionization of water is the chemical reaction in which two water molecules react to produce a hydronium (H₃O⁺) and a hydroxide ion (OH⁻):

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Buffer solutions are solutions that resist change in Hydronium ion and the hydroxide ion concentration (and consequently pH) upon addition of small amounts of acid or base, or upon dilution.
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Redox (shorthand for reduction/oxidation reaction) describes all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation number (oxidation state) changed.

This can be either a simple redox process such as the oxidation of carbon to yield carbon dioxide, or the
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Electrochemistry is a branch of chemistry that studies the reactions which take place at the interface of an electronic conductor (the electrode composed of a metal or a semiconductor, including graphite) and an ionic conductor (the electrolyte).
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A strong acid is an acid that dissociates completely in an aqueous solution (not in the case of sulfuric acid as it is diprotic), or in other terms, with a pK_a
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In chemistry, a weak base is a chemical base that does not ionize fully in an aqueous solution. As Bronsted-Lowry bases are proton acceptors, a weak base may also be defined as a chemical base in which protonation is incomplete.
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Ionization is the physical process of converting an atom or molecule into an ion by changing the difference between the number of protons and electrons. This process works slightly differently depending on whether an ion with a positive or a negative electric charge is being
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This article is about chemical solutions. For other uses, see Solution (disambiguation).

In chemistry, a solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances.
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An acid dissociation constant, denoted by K_a, is an equilibrium constant for the dissociation of a weak acid. According to the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases an acid is only recognised by its reaction with a base.
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Acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is an organic chemical compound best recognized for giving vinegar its sour taste and pungent smell. Its structural formula is represented as CH₃COOH.
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Vinegar is a liquid produced from the fermentation of ethanol in a process that yields its key ingredient, acetic acid. The acetic acid concentration ranges typically from 4 to 8 percent by volume for table vinegar^[1]
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Citric acid is a weak organic acid found in citrus fruits. It is a natural preservative and is also used to add an acidic (sour) taste to foods and soft drinks. In biochemistry, it is important as an intermediate in the citric acid cycle and therefore occurs in the metabolism of
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C. × limon

Binomial name
Citrus × limon
(L.) Burm.f.

The lemon (Citrus × limon) is a hybrid in cultivated wild plants.
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Boric acid, also called boracic acid or orthoboric acid or Acidum Boricum, is a mild acid often used as an antiseptic, insecticide, flame retardant, in nuclear power plants to control the fission rate of uranium, and as a precursor of other chemical compounds.
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Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid, is a mineral (inorganic) acid having the chemical formula H₃PO₄.
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The term soft drink (more commonly known as soda, pop, or soda pop in parts of the United States and Canada, or fizzy drinks in the U.K.^[1]) refers to carbonated drinks that do not contain alcohol.
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See also